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# nick        = Phys_org
# url         = https://feeds.twtxt.net/Phys_org/twtxt.txt
# source      = https://phys.org/rss-feed/
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# updated_at  = 2022-01-24T20:00:18Z
#
2021-11-30T16:47:39Z	**Scientists to map fungal networks, determine climate role**
Scientists from the United States and Europe announced plans Tuesday to create the biggest map of underground fungal networks, arguing they are an important but overlooked piece in the puzzle of how to tackle climate change. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-11-scientists-fungal-networks-climate-role.html)
2021-11-30T16:44:36Z	**Researchers generate, for the first time, a vortex beam of atoms and molecules**
Vortices may conjure a mental image of whirlpools and tornadoes—spinning bodies of water and air—but they can also exist on much smaller scales. In a new study published in Science, researchers from the Weizmann Institute of Science, together with collaborators from the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology and Tel Aviv University, have created, for the first time, vortices made of a single atom. These vortices could help an ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-11-vortex-atoms-molecules.html)
2021-11-30T16:43:14Z	**Domestic violence goes unrecognized in faith communities**
Australians who are frequently involved in religion and who identify as religious are less likely to acknowledge domestic violence is an issue within their faith community, despite acknowledging it as a national issue, a new study has found. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-11-domestic-violence-unrecognized-faith.html)
2021-11-30T16:01:03Z	**Echolocation builds prediction models of prey movement**
Bats are not only using their acoustical abilities to find a meal—they are also using it to predict where their prey would be, increasing their chances of a successful hunt. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-11-echolocation-prey-movement.html)
2021-11-30T15:50:45Z	**Changing weather patterns mix up the size, duration of annual Chesapeake Bay dead zone**
The Chesapeake Bay Program and its partners, including the University of Michigan, released information today on the state of the 2021 Chesapeake Bay "dead zone." While last year's dead zone was the second smallest observed since 1985, this year's assessment paints a more complex picture of the bay's health. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-11-weather-patterns-size-duration-annual.html)
2021-11-30T15:50:34Z	**Report indicates that English learners face severe inequities and substandard conditions in New Jersey schools**
English learners in New Jersey public schools, already facing inadequate supports and a lack of attention, missed out on critical services during the COVID-19 pandemic, according to a new report that a Rutgers faculty member helped edit. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-11-english-learners-severe-inequities-substandard.html)
2021-11-30T15:50:25Z	**Shrinking qubits for quantum computing with atom-thin materials**
For quantum computers to surpass their classical counterparts in speed and capacity, their qubits—which are superconducting circuits that can exist in an infinite combination of binary states—need to be on the same wavelength. Achieving this, however, has come at the cost of size. Whereas the transistors used in classical computers have been shrunk down to nanometer scales, superconducting qubits these days are still measured in  ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-11-qubits-quantum-atom-thin-materials.html)
2021-11-30T15:49:54Z	**Flu virus shells could improve delivery of mRNA into cells**
Nanoengineers at the University of California San Diego have developed a new and potentially more effective way to deliver messenger RNA (mRNA) into cells. Their approach involves packing mRNA inside nanoparticles that mimic the flu virus—a naturally efficient vehicle for delivering genetic material such as RNA inside cells. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-11-flu-virus-shells-delivery-mrna.html)
2021-11-30T15:49:38Z	**Extroverted? You may have better financial outcomes**
You might think the way you approach money is based on financial advice or past experiences, but new research from the University of Georgia shows that your personality may have a big impact on financial decision making and risk taking. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-11-extroverted-financial-outcomes.html)
2021-11-30T15:49:16Z	**Responding to anti-Asian racism requires better info about the AAPI community and its needs**
The recent rise of anti-Asian attacks across the U.S. has galvanized the community to build newfound alliances and resilience, with advocates working to increase reporting of hate incidents and developing strategies to fight anti-Asian racism, according to a new RAND Corporation report. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-11-anti-asian-racism-requires-info-aapi.html)
2021-11-30T15:13:12Z	**Playing it safe: Scientist creates energetic compounds with isotopic labels**
Ana Racoveanu is able to do something most others throughout the nuclear security enterprise cannot do—something challenging and extremely valuable throughout the complex. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-11-safe-scientist-energetic-compounds-isotopic.html)
2021-11-30T15:12:49Z	**Bringing 400-million-year-old fossilized armored worms to 'virtual' life**
An international team of scientists from the United States and Australia, led by Sarah Jacquet at the University of Missouri, has documented the discovery of two new species of fossilized armored worms in Australia—Lepidocoleus caliburnus and Lepidocoleus shurikenus—dating from about 400 million years ago. Then, using the micro-CT imaging capabilities of the MU X-ray Microanalysis Core facility, the resear ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-11-million-year-old-fossilized-armored-worms-virtual.html)
2021-11-30T15:12:02Z	**High-speed holography of cells spots physical beacons of disease**
Biomedical engineers at Duke University have engineered a holographic system capable of imaging and analyzing tens of thousands of cells per minute to both discover and recognize signs of disease. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-11-high-speed-holography-cells-physical-beacons.html)
2021-11-30T15:11:44Z	**Planetary scientists discover brief presence of water in Arabia Terra on Mars**
As part of a team of collaborators from Northern Arizona University and Johns Hopkins University, Northern Arizona University (NAU) Ph.D. candidate Ari Koeppel recently discovered that water was once present in a region of Mars called Arabia Terra. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-11-planetary-scientists-presence-arabia-terra.html)
2021-11-30T15:11:36Z	**Survey of gun policy experts finds wide disagreement remains**
Wide disagreement remains among U.S. experts who study gun policy issues, with differing opinions about how much individual policies may reduce gun violence and other harms caused by firearms, according to a new RAND Corporation report. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-11-survey-gun-policy-experts-wide.html)
2021-11-30T15:11:30Z	**'Tweens' increased media use during the 2020 pandemic summer, says study**
"Put down your phone" is a common parental phrase, the modern-day equivalent of "turn off the TV." That's because parents have long thought that staring at a screen for too long will have a detrimental effect. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-11-tweens-media-pandemic-summer.html)
2021-11-30T13:30:02Z	**Build your own office podcast studio**
Converting newly emptied office spaces into podcast studios poses noise challenges not previously realized before hybrid offices began. Experts recommend considering location, nearby noise sources, and ways to absorb sound to make a studio effective. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-11-office-podcast-studio.html)
2021-11-30T12:53:20Z	**Synthetic tissue can repair hearts, muscles, and vocal cords**
Combining knowledge of chemistry, physics, biology, and engineering, scientists from McGill University developrd a biomaterial tough enough to repair the heart, muscles, and vocal cords, representing a major advance in regenerative medicine. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-11-synthetic-tissue-hearts-muscles-vocal.html)
2021-11-30T12:51:31Z	**Asteroid material deposited during large impacts record the moon's ancient magnetic field**
The moon has no core dynamo magnetic field, but spacecraft detect numerous strong localized magnetic fields in the crust of the moon. Many of these magnetic anomalies are antipodal to large impact basins. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-11-asteroid-material-deposited-large-impacts.html)
2021-11-30T12:50:28Z	**Child's gender influences crime rates in young fathers and their peers**
For the first time, researchers established that young fathers who have a firstborn son rather than a daughter are convicted of fewer crimes in subsequent years, and crucially that this reduction also leads to a drop in criminal convictions among peers living in the same neighborhood. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-11-child-gender-crime-young-fathers.html)
2021-11-30T12:47:58Z	**Humidity changes in dead fern fronds drives unique timing of spore dispersal in a widespread fern species**
The sensitive fern—named due to its sensitivity to drought and frost—is a widespread species found throughout eastern North America and eastern Asia. It is a dimorphic plant because it has two distinct types of leaves—one for photosynthesis and one for reproduction. While most fern species in temperate regions produce and disperse their spores in the summer, the sensitive fern has an atyp ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-11-humidity-dead-fern-fronds-unique.html)
2021-11-30T12:39:36Z	**Are water plumes spraying from Europa? NASA's Europa Clipper is on the case**
Finding plumes at Europa is an exciting prospect, but scientists warn it'll be tricky, even from up close. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-11-plumes-europa-nasa-clipper-case.html)
2021-11-30T11:55:12Z	**Understanding how to build resilient fisheries**
A new decision-making framework designed by an international team of fisheries researchers can help fisheries bolster their ability to adapt to a warming world. The tool, said marine ecologist Jacob Eurich at UC Santa Barbara's National Center for Ecological Analysis & Synthesis (NCEAS), is meant to take a lot of the guesswork out of finding resilience in a time of climate change. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-11-resilient-fisheries.html)
2021-11-30T11:52:41Z	**Physicists create time crystals with quantum computers**
There is a huge global effort to engineer a computer capable of harnessing the power of quantum physics to carry out computations of unprecedented complexity. While formidable technological obstacles still stand in the way of creating such a quantum computer, today's early prototypes are still capable of remarkable feats. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-11-physicists-crystals-quantum.html)
2021-11-30T11:52:00Z	**Arctic rainfall could dominate snowfall earlier than expected: study**
Rainfall could start replacing snowfall in the Arctic decades sooner than previously thought, a study found Tuesday, warning the change caused by global warming could have effects beyond the region. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-11-arctic-rainfall-dominate-snowfall-earlier.html)
2021-11-30T11:41:29Z	**Bank liquidity creation can influence the fragility of the financial system**
How does bank liquidity creation affect the overall fragility of the banking sector and the systemic risk posed by individual financial institutions? Does bank liquidity creation influence technological innovation? And what are the real consequences of bank supervision to financial regulators? ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-11-bank-liquidity-creation-fragility-financial.html)
2021-11-30T11:40:59Z	**Recent advances in optical dynamic meta-holography**
In a new publication from Opto-Electronic Advances the research group of Professor Xiong Wei, from Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, discuss recent advances in optical dynamic meta-holography. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-11-advances-optical-dynamic-meta-holography.html)
2021-11-30T11:40:47Z	**All-optical computing based on convolutional neural networks**
In a new publication from Opto-Electronic Advances the research group of Professor Xiaoyong Hu and Professor Qihuang Gong from School of Physics, Peking University, China, propose a new strategy to realize ultrafast and ultralow-energy-consumption all-optical computing chip scheme based on convolutional neural network (CNN), which supports the execution of multiple computing tasks. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-11-all-optical-based-convolutional-neural-networks.html)
2021-11-30T11:10:33Z	**Reshaping the plastic lifecycle into a circle**
In 1950, 2 million metric tons of new plastic was produced globally. In 2018, the world produced 360 million metric tons of plastics. Because of their low cost, durability and versatility, plastics are everywhere—including in the environment—and only 9 percent of the plastic ever generated has been recycled. The vast majority ends up in landfills, where its slow degradation allows it to accumulate, while pervasive microplastics have been found eve ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-11-reshaping-plastic-lifecycle-circle.html)
2021-11-30T11:10:01Z	**WWII contaminants on an Aleutian island are a step closer to finally being cleaned up**
Richard Ragle looked at the island as the boat pulled up. He'd studied historical photographs of Great Sitkin Island for years, but it wasn't exactly what he expected—some things were bigger and others were smaller than he had imagined. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-11-wwii-contaminants-aleutian-island-closer.html)
2021-12-01T03:37:26Z	**Peru archeologists find mummy up to 1,200 years old**
Archeologists in Peru working on a site in the outskirts of the capital Lima have unearthed a mummy believed to be between 800 and 1,200 years old—and, surprisingly, bound with rope. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-peru-archeologists-mummy-years.html)
2021-12-01T08:47:27Z	**Why cannabis smells skunky**
As cannabis is legalized in more areas, it has become increasingly popular as a medicinal and recreational drug. This plant produces a pungent, skunk-like odor that is pleasing to some but repulsive to others. Now, researchers reporting in ACS Omega have discovered a new family of prenylated volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) that give cannabis its characteristic skunky aroma. The findings open up opportunities to investigate the molecules for medicinal benefits, the researchers say. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-cannabis-skunky.html)
2021-12-01T15:26:03Z	**Racial stereotypes shape our perceptions of risk-takers as reckless or responsible, new study finds**
Do others see you as a reckless risk-taker who behaves compulsively without weighing potential consequences? Or a courageous risk-taker who takes responsible risks? ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-racial-stereotypes-perceptions-risk-takers-reckless.html)
2021-12-01T15:24:54Z	**Lunar radar data uncovers new clues about moon's ancient past**
The dusty surface of the moon—immortalized in images of Apollo astronauts' lunar footprints—formed as the result of asteroid impacts and the harsh environment of space breaking down rock over millions of years. An ancient layer of this material, covered by periodic lava flows and now buried under the lunar surface, could provide new insight into the Moon's deep past, according to a team of scientists. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-lunar-radar-uncovers-clues-moon.html)
2021-12-01T15:24:21Z	**Researchers investigate combined effect of drought, fire on stream communities, highlighting importance of headwaters**
Life is water, and water is life. This truism certainly applies to the Pacific coast, where streams and rivers function as the region's arteries. The water they carry fosters plant life and wildlife in Southern California's Mediterranean climate. They provide sanctuary during droughts and often serve as the nexus for recovery after fires. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-combined-effect-drought-stream-highlighting.html)
2021-12-01T15:23:01Z	**Within an Antarctic sea squirt, scientists discover a bacterial species with promising anti-melanoma properties**
There are few places farther from your medicine cabinet than the tissues of an ascidian, or "sea squirt," on the icy Antarctic sea floor—but this is precisely where scientists are looking to find a new treatment for melanoma, one of the most dangerous types of skin cancer. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-antarctic-sea-squirt-scientists-bacterial.html)
2021-12-02T04:02:56Z	**Which role models are best for STEM? Researchers offer recommendations in new analysis**
An analysis of the effect role models have on students' motivation in studying STEM subjects points to new ways to deploy these leaders in order to encourage learning across different populations. The recommendations provide a resource for parents, teachers, and policymakers seeking to maximize role models' impact in diversifying the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-role-stem-analysis.html)
2021-12-02T04:00:31Z	**Beads of glass in meteorites help scientists piece together how solar system formed**
Ever since scientists started looking at meteorites with microscopes, they've been puzzled—and fascinated—by what's inside. Most meteorites are made of tiny beads of glass that date back to the earliest days of the solar system, before the planets were even formed. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-beads-glass-meteorites-scientists-piece.html)
2021-12-02T03:58:42Z	**Cell wall remodeling enables fungal network development in grasses**
Scientists now have a deeper understanding of how a fungus develops a symbiotic lifestyle inside grass leaf and why the grass leaf fails to defend itself against the intruder, thanks to research coming from Massey University in New Zealand and the University of Münster in Germany. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-cell-wall-remodeling-enables-fungal.html)
2021-12-02T09:30:53Z	**Snake photo posted on Instagram leads to the discovery of a new species from the Himalayas**
Intrigued by a photo shared on Instagram, a research team from India discovered a previously unknown species of kukri snake. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-snake-photo-instagram-discovery-species.html)
2021-12-02T14:52:00Z	**Public relations practitioners' AI knowledge is limited, but they are aware of AI's potential**
A new research report from the Chartered Institute of Public Relations' AIinPR Panel, which has been co-authored by the University's Emeritus Professor of Corporate Communication Anne Gregory, has found that practitioners see the huge potential that artificial intelligence (AI) and Big Data offers the profession but possess limited knowledge on technical aspects of both. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-practitioners-ai-knowledge-limited-aware.html)
2021-12-02T14:51:45Z	**Scientists use quantum processor to simulate 2D states of quantum matter**
What would it be like if we lived in a flat two-dimensional world? Physicists predict that quantum mechanics would be even stranger in that case, resulting in exotic particles—so-called "anyons"— that cannot exist in the three-dimensional world we live in. This unfamiliar world is not just a curiosity but may be key to unlocking quantum materials and technologies of the future. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-scientists-quantum-processor-simulate-2d.html)
2021-12-02T14:51:22Z	**Researchers develop novel 3D printing technique to engineer biofilms**
Anne S. Meyer, an associate professor of biology at the University of Rochester, and her collaborators at Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands recently developed a 3D printing technique to engineer and study biofilms—three-dimensional communities of microorganisms, such as bacteria, that adhere to surfaces. The research provides important information for creating synthetic materials and in developing drugs to fight the negativ ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-3d-technique-biofilms.html)
2021-12-02T14:49:54Z	**Molecular device turns infrared into visible light**
Light is an electromagnetic wave: It consists of oscillating electric and magnetic fields propagating through space. Every wave is characterized by its frequency, which refers to the number of oscillations per second, measured in Hertz (Hz). Our eyes can detect frequencies between 400 and 750 trillion Hz (or terahertz, THz), which define the visible spectrum. Light sensors in cell phone cameras can detect frequencies down to 300 THz, while detecto ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-molecular-device-infrared-visible.html)
2021-12-02T14:49:45Z	**Boosting thermopower of oxides via artificially laminated metal/insulator heterostructure**
Thermoelectric materials have the ability to generate electricity when a temperature difference is applied to them. Conversely, they can also generate a temperature gradient when current is applied to them. Therefore, these materials are expected to find use as power generators of electronic devices and coolers or heaters of temperature control devices. To develop these applications, a thermo ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-boosting-thermopower-oxides-artificially-laminated.html)
2021-12-03T02:13:18Z	**Predictive analytics pays off with complementary investments**
The predictive analytics industry is slated to earn more than $273 billion in 2022. Yet, despite the hype over big data and the forecasting power of tools such as statistical modelling and machine learning, not all firms that sink money into them reap benefits, prompting a research team to probe what makes the difference. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-analytics-complementary-investments.html)
2021-12-03T02:10:01Z	**Killer whales lingering in newly melted arctic ocean**
Killer whales are intelligent, adaptive predators, often teaming up to take down larger prey. Continuous reduction in sea ice in the Arctic Ocean is opening areas to increased killer whale dwelling and predation, potentially creating an ecological imbalance. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-killer-whales-lingering-newly-arctic.html)
2021-12-03T07:35:08Z	**Forests offer minimal protection against major flood events**
New research examining whether forests can mitigate flood risk suggests they may offer less protection against major events than had been hoped. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-forests-minimal-major-events.html)
2021-12-03T07:34:52Z	**Egg-carton-style patterning keeps charged nanoparticles in place and suitable for a wide range of applications**
Researchers at the University of Michigan and Seoul National University of Science and Technology have devised a new method for manufacturing devices that require precisely sized and positioned micro- and nanoscale particles. The technique is suitable for a wide array of assembly of micro- and nanoscale objects, and useful for electronic devices, and biological appli ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-egg-carton-style-patterning-nanoparticles-suitable-wide.html)
2021-12-03T07:34:23Z	**Novel two-step mechanism revealed in two-dimensional material formation**
Typically only an atom thick, 2D materials exhibit highly desirable properties for advanced technologies, such as flexibility, superconductivity and more. Made from carefully transitioning individual components from gas or vapor to crystalline solids, such materials and the mechanisms by which they become imbued with such characteristics are still shrouded in mystery. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-two-step-mechanism-revealed-two-dimensional-material.html)
2021-12-03T07:33:51Z	**Mimicking a human fingertip's sensitivity and sense of direction for robotic applications**
As robotic devices such as artificial prosthetics and human-computer interfaces are increasingly integrated into society, researchers have been looking more deeply into the sensitivity of the devices that serve the same function as hands. Human fingertips are remarkably sensitive. They can communicate details of an object as small as 40μm (about half the width of a human hair), discern subtle dif ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-mimicking-human-fingertip-sensitivity-robotic.html)
2021-12-03T07:33:15Z	**Software optimizations make variant calling 8 to 16 times faster for genome sequencing**
The cost of sequencing has gone down tremendously. But still it is not used in daily practice. One of the reasons for this is that the processing of the raw data into useful insights takes a long time (several days for whole genome sequencing) and requires a lot of expensive resources (such as servers that need to be rented in a data center). ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-software-optimizations-variant-faster-genome.html)
2021-12-03T13:41:12Z	**Toys prove to be better investment than gold, art, and financial securities**
Unusual ways of investment, such as collecting toys, can generate high returns. For example, secondary market prices of retired LEGO sets grow by 11% annually, which is faster than gold, stocks, and bonds, HSE University economists say. Their paper was published in the Research in International Business and Finance journal. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-toys-investment-gold-art-financial.html)
2021-12-03T13:41:00Z	**Using green tea as reducing reagent for the preparation of nanomaterials to synthesize ammonia**
Researchers have shown that green tea can be used as a reducing reagent for the preparation of nanomaterials to synthesize ammonia. Compared with bulk graphitic carbon nitride, the optimal sample had 2.93-fold photocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonia activity (2.627 mg/h/gcat), and the NH3 selectivity increased from 50.77% to 77.9%. The team published their approach on September 06 in Energy M ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-green-tea-reagent-nanomaterials-ammonia.html)
2021-12-03T13:40:45Z	**Lightweight space robot with precise control developed**
Robots are already in space. From landers on the moon to rovers on Mars and more, robots are the perfect candidates for space exploration: they can bear extreme environments while consistently repeating the same tasks in exactly the same way without tiring. Like robots on Earth, they can accomplish both dangerous and mundane jobs, from space walks to polishing a spacecraft's surface. With space missions increasing in number and expanding in scie ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-lightweight-space-robot-precise.html)
2021-12-04T01:40:36Z	**Meth use, intimate partner violence weaken immune function in HIV-positive men**
A study of HIV-positive black and Latino men who have sex with men finds the use of methamphetamine combined with intimate partner violence boosted the activity of genes that regulate the body's inflammatory and antiviral functions. The combination may lead to exhaustion of the immune system in people living with HIV, increasing the risk for developing chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and other disord ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-meth-intimate-partner-violence-weaken.html)
2021-12-04T01:38:42Z	**How you speak up at work can affect whether you're picked for a team**
Business leaders and management experts often encourage people to speak up in the workplace. Suggesting a creative idea or a more efficient way to work can help companies overcome challenges and meet goals. But new research shows another, more subtle and often overlooked form of speaking up has a big effect on the way work gets done and how teams come together. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-affect-youre-team.html)
2021-12-04T01:37:29Z	**Chemical pollutants disrupt reproduction in anemonefish, study finds**
Ocean pollution is unfortunately becoming more commonplace, raising concerns over the effect of chemicals that are leaching into the water. In a new study, researchers have discovered how these chemicals can affect the reproduction in common anemonefish Amphiprion ocellaris. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-chemical-pollutants-disrupt-reproduction-anemonefish.html)
2021-12-04T09:50:01Z	**Dinosaur tail found in Chile stuns scientists**
Chilean paleontologists on Wednesday presented their findings on a dinosaur discovered three years ago in Patagonia which they said had a highly unusual tail that has stumped researchers ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-dinosaur-tail-chile-stuns-scientists.html)
2021-12-05T06:35:05Z	**Physics Nobel belies Italy's scientific brain drain**
Italian physicist Giorgio Parisi will receive a shared Nobel prize at a ceremony Monday, but behind the celebrations is consternation at the brain-drain that for years has seen many young scientists leave to work abroad. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-physics-nobel-belies-italy-scientific.html)
2021-12-05T06:33:28Z	**Indonesia volcano eruption death toll rises to 13**
Rescuers in Indonesia raced to find survivors in villages blanketed by molten ash Sunday after the eruption of Mount Semeru killed at least 13 people and left dozens injured, officials said. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-indonesia-volcano-eruption-death-toll.html)
2021-12-05T12:00:01Z	**Fossil footprints puzzle scientists: Bear or ancient human?**
Prehistoric footprints that have puzzled scientists since the 1970s are getting a second look: Were they left by extinct animals or by human ancestors? ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-fossil-footprints-puzzle-scientists-ancient.html)
2021-12-06T03:46:24Z	**Trees are biggest methane 'vents' in wetland areas – even when they're dry**
Most of the methane gas emitted from Amazon wetlands regions is vented into the atmosphere via tree root systems—with significant emissions occurring even when the ground is not flooded, say researchers at the University of Birmingham. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-trees-biggest-methane-vents-wetland.html)
2021-12-06T09:42:35Z	**Cover crops make vineyards more sustainable, and strategy can be marketing tool**
Growing cover crops under grapevines in vineyards can reduce erosion, enhance soil health, reduce herbicide use and improve water quality, according to a team of Penn State researchers, who suggest that growers can promote improved sustainability in production as part of a marketing strategy that may result in consumers being willing to pay more for wine. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-crops-vineyards-sustainable-strategy-tool.html)
2021-12-06T09:42:17Z	**With modified mashing process, gluten-free grains can produce quality beers**
Using a modified, lower temperature mashing procedure to retain enzyme activity, brewers can use malts from gluten-free grains to produce high-quality beers, according to Penn State researchers who conducted a new study. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-mashing-gluten-free-grains-quality-beers.html)
2021-12-06T09:42:01Z	**Fine-tuning remote sensing to protect forests from the spread of dangerous insect infestations**
Invasive insects, fungi, or other pathogens can sweep through entire regions with deadly effect, devastating forests and causing ripple effects throughout the ecosystem. It happened here in Connecticut early in the 20th century, when 80 to 90% of the forest canopy was wiped out by the Chestnut Blight in some areas. When it comes to preventing such drastic land conversions over huge expanses of  ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-fine-tuning-remote-forests-dangerous-insect.html)
2021-12-06T09:41:35Z	**Researchers crack the synthetic code of rare molecules sought after in drug development**
A research team at Lund University in Sweden has succeeded in producing two molecules that are otherwise only formed by microorganisms from extremely contaminated wastewater in an abandoned mine in South Korea. The method, which took four years to develop, could pave the way for new types of drugs. The study is published in Journal of the American Chemical Society. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-synthetic-code-rare-molecules-sought.html)
2021-12-06T09:41:15Z	**Liming and phosphorus increase cassava yields**
Cassava is a vital source of calories for close to a billion people across the world. The plant is a woody, perennial shrub with edible roots. Cassava roots are rich in carbohydrates, potassium, calcium, vitamins B and C, and essential minerals. Cassava plants can grow in relatively poor soils and in challenging environments. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-liming-phosphorus-cassava-yields.html)
2021-12-06T14:50:08Z	**Persistent gender bias found in scientific research and related course materials: A long-term linguistic analysis**
Two companion research articles published in the current issue of Language point to persistent gender bias in both peer-reviewed journal articles and course materials used in the field of linguistics. The first study examined undergraduate textbooks commonly used for linguistics courses taught in English. The second study examined over 1,000 research articles published in top ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-persistent-gender-bias-scientific-materials.html)
2021-12-07T03:53:50Z	**Researchers create contamination test for dairy products, using technology that can be printed inside containers**
Researchers have developed a test to reveal bacterial contamination in dairy products well before they have a chance to reach anyone's lips. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-contamination-dairy-products-technology.html)
2021-12-07T09:00:01Z	**Astronomers find final missing piece of galaxy cluster collision puzzle**
Astronomers have a model of how galaxy cluster collisions go through different stages, taking on various shapes. A blunt body shape turns into a sharp cone, which turns into a tongue-like shape. The first and last have been observed many times, but the sharp cone was always missing, until now. A publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics is forthcoming. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-astronomers-piece-galaxy-cluster-collision.html)
2021-12-07T14:17:36Z	**Public school closures are increasing in cities, but affected neighborhoods differ regionally**
When public elementary schools close, families, teachers and public school advocates often criticize municipal authorities saying these closures disproportionately affect the poor and underrepresented, potentially widening the racial and socioeconomic gaps in these communities. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-school-closures-cities-affected-neighborhoods.html)
2021-12-07T14:17:30Z	**Physicists discover special transverse sound wave**
Can you imagine sound traveling in the same way as light does? A research team at City University of Hong Kong (CityU) has discovered a new type of sound wave: The airborne sound wave vibrates transversely and carries both spin and orbital angular momentum like light does. The findings shattered scientists' previous beliefs about the sound wave, opening an avenue to the development of novel applications in acoustic communications, acoustic sensing and  ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-physicists-special-transverse.html)
2021-12-08T03:45:55Z	**Leveraging machine learning to rapidly discover novel beneficial microbes**
When you think about agriculture, what comes to mind? Tractors? Fields of corn? Big red barns? Often we don't think of computers. But computers and technology are playing a huge role in making our food system more sustainable and reliable. In the past few decades, high-tech machinery and robotics have changed the agroindustry. High-tech farming is making our crops more resilient against pathogens, harvest times  ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-leveraging-machine-rapidly-beneficial-microbes.html)
2021-12-08T03:43:27Z	**Streetwise bees cut corners to find food**
Bumblebees waste no time enjoying the beauty of flowers—instead learning the bare minimum about where to land and find food, new research shows. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-streetwise-bees-corners-food.html)
2021-12-08T08:50:02Z	**Our emotions and identity can affect how we use grammar**
Language and social identity have been making headlines recently. Last month, Air Canada's CEO Michael Rousseau faced scrutiny over not knowing French—his language deficit is helping support Bill 96 in Québec (which seeks to change the Canadian Constitution to affirm Québec as a nation and French its official language). Meanwhile Indian chain store Fabindia had to change advertisements for its festive Diwali clothing line from its Urdu nam ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-emotions-identity-affect-grammar.html)
2021-12-08T14:00:02Z	**Twitter reveals dynamics of stories surrounding Trump's presidency**
A computational analysis of billions of phrases found in tweets has uncovered new insights into the timelines of the many major stories that surrounded Donald Trump, former President of the United States, from 2016 to 2021. Peter Dodds of the University of Vermont, Burlington, and colleagues present these findings in the open-access journal PLOS ONE on December 8, 2021. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-twitter-reveals-dynamics-stories-trump.html)
2021-12-09T04:08:41Z	**Darwin in a lab: Coral evolution tweaked for global warming**
On a moonless summer night in Hawaii, krill, fish and crabs swirl through a beam of light as two researchers peer into the water above a vibrant reef. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-darwin-lab-coral-evolution-tweaked.html)
2021-12-09T04:07:32Z	**Food waste becomes California's newest climate change target**
Banana peels, chicken bones and leftover veggies won't have a place in California trashcans under the nation's largest mandatory residential food waste recycling program that's set to take effect in January. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-food-california-climate.html)
2021-12-09T03:59:53Z	**Burrowing snakes have far worse eyesight than their ancestors**
The ancestor of all living snakes probably had substantially better vision than present-day burrowing snakes, according to new research. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-burrowing-snakes-worse-eyesight-ancestors.html)
2021-12-09T09:50:01Z	**A century of tragedy: How the car and gas industry knew about the health risks of leaded fuel**
On the frosty morning of Dec. 9, 1921, in Dayton, Ohio, researchers at a General Motors lab poured a new fuel blend into one of their test engines. Immediately, the engine began running more quietly and putting out more power. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-century-tragedy-car-gas-industry.html)
2021-12-09T09:47:41Z	**Study shows critical need to reduce use of road salt in winter, suggests best practices**
Across the U.S., road crews dump around 25 million metric tons of sodium chloride—much like table salt—to unfreeze roads each year and make them safe for travel. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-critical-road-salt-winter.html)
2021-12-09T09:47:00Z	**How does society impact the benefits and challenges of technology?**
Technology is a big part of life in India. For example, street vendors and rickshawallahs use cellphones, the internet and Aadhar cards—12-digit identification numbers given to every citizen based on their biometric and demographic data. However, charismatic gurus and superstition still thrive in India. In the new book "Reluctant Technophiles: India's Complicated Relationship with Technology," University of Illinois Urbana-Champ ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-society-impact-benefits-technology.html)
2021-12-09T14:59:12Z	**Tropical forests regrow surprisingly fast**
Tropical forests are converted at an alarming rate through deforestation. A new study, published in Science, shows that regrowing tropical forests recover surprisingly fast on abandoned land. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-tropical-forests-regrow-surprisingly-fast.html)
2021-12-09T14:57:40Z	**Mini-jet found near Milky Way's supermassive black hole**
Our Milky Way's central black hole has a leak. This supermassive black hole looks like it still has the vestiges of a blowtorch-like jet dating back several thousand years. NASA's Hubble Space Telescope hasn't photographed the phantom jet but has helped find circumstantial evidence that it is still pushing feebly into a huge hydrogen cloud and then splattering, like the narrow stream from a hose aimed into a pile of sand. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-mini-jet-milky-supermassive-black-hole.html)
2021-12-10T02:18:46Z	**A step toward "living biotherapeutics"**
The human gut is home to thousands of species of bacteria, and some of those bacteria have the potential to treat a variety of gastrointestinal diseases. Some species may help to combat colon cancer, while others could help treat or prevent infections such as C. difficile. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-biotherapeutics.html)
2021-12-10T07:40:17Z	**Revolutionising imaging through an optical fiber the width of a human hair**
A new imaging technique, allowing 3D imaging at video rates through a fiber the width of a human hair, could transform imaging for a wide range of applications in industrial inspection and environmental monitoring. In the longer term the technique could be further developed for applications in medical imaging. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-revolutionising-imaging-optical-fiber-width.html)
2021-12-10T07:40:02Z	**Visualizing the propagation path of electromagnetic waves from space to ground**
Using data on electromagnetic (EM) waves and plasma particles measured simultaneously via multiple satellites, an international collaborative research group has discovered the existence of invisible "propagation path" of EM waves and elucidated the mechanism by which EM waves propagate to the ground. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-visualizing-propagation-path-electromagnetic-space.html)
2021-12-10T07:39:53Z	**Uncertainty is inescapable, even in a science as precise as nuclear physics**
Uncertainty is part of life. There's just no escaping it, even in a science as precise as nuclear physics. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-uncertainty-inescapable-science-precise-nuclear.html)
2021-12-10T07:39:28Z	**First structure of human protein complex with 'licence to kill'**
A team of WEHI researchers has for the first time visualized a human cell death complex linked to autoimmune and inflammatory conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease, and injuries associated with excessive cell death. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-human-protein-complex-licence.html)
2021-12-10T07:38:49Z	**New layer-by-layer built inorganic-organic material enables optical switching of magnetic properties**
Materials chemists have developed a facile process for piling ultrathin inorganic and organic layers in a pre-designed manner into flexible room-temperature thin-film magnets, whose magnetic properties can be controlled with successive external light illuminations. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-layer-by-layer-built-inorganic-organic-material-enables.html)
2021-12-10T12:57:48Z	**New understanding of plant nutrient response could improve fertilizer management strategies**
Green is a color that is almost universally associated with plants—for good reason. The green pigment chlorophyll is essential to plants' ability to generate food; but what happens if they don't have enough of it? ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-nutrient-response-fertilizer-strategies.html)
2021-12-10T12:57:25Z	**India, U.S. account for a quarter of COVID-19 misinformation**
India is the world's top hot spot for COVID-19 misinformation, accounting for roughly one in six pieces of global output, according to a University of Alberta master's student who studies world media. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-india-account-quarter-covid-misinformation.html)
2021-12-10T12:57:07Z	**Climate-driven disease compromises seagrass health**
In an oceanic omen for climate change's intensifying effects, Cornell-led research shows that seagrass—through large swaths of intertidal meadows in the Pacific Northwest—suffers from a lesion-filled wasting disease. The grasses' once-vibrant plant root systems are deteriorating, too. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-climate-driven-disease-compromises-seagrass-health.html)
2021-12-10T12:56:53Z	**Exotic six-quark particle predicted by supercomputers**
The predicted existence of an exotic particle made up of six elementary particles known as quarks by RIKEN researchers could deepen our understanding of how quarks combine to form the nuclei of atoms. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-exotic-six-quark-particle-supercomputers.html)
2021-12-10T12:55:15Z	**California's heavy-duty trucks don't have to get smog-checked. Why that's about to change**
California motorists have been getting their vehicles smog-checked for decades. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-california-heavy-duty-trucks-dont-smog-checked.html)
2021-12-11T02:05:36Z	**Mountain lion kittens found under picnic table in California**
Two mountain lion kittens that survived after a litter of four was found under a picnic table are being cared for at a Southern California veterinary hospital, officials said. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-mountain-lion-kittens-picnic-table.html)
2021-12-11T02:05:08Z	**Daughter of first American astronaut to launch on Blue Origin flight**
Jeff Bezos' Blue Origin is set to blast its third private crew to space on Saturday, this time including the daughter of the first American astronaut. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-daughter-american-astronaut-blue-flight.html)
2021-12-11T09:50:02Z	**Rare fossil reveals prehistoric Melbourne was once a paradise for tropical pig-nosed turtles**
The pig-nosed turtle, an endangered freshwater turtle native to the Northern Territory and southern New Guinea, is unique in many respects. Unlike most freshwater turtles, it is almost completely adapted to life in water. It has paddle-like flippers similar to sea turtles, a snorkel-like "pig-nose" to help it breathe while staying submerged, and eggs that will only hatch when exposed to the waters  ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-rare-fossil-reveals-prehistoric-melbourne.html)
2021-12-11T17:40:09Z	**Bezos' Blue Origin completes third crewed space flight**
Jeff Bezos' Blue Origin company blasted its third private crew into space on Saturday and brought it back safely, this time including the daughter of the first American astronaut. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-bezos-blue-crewed-space-flight.html)
2021-12-12T06:23:13Z	**Vienna exhibition tests ethics of displaying human remains**
A vast, bloated liver. An infant with lacerated skin. The deformed skeleton of a young girl. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-vienna-ethics-human.html)
2021-12-12T06:19:35Z	**EXPLAINER: Was tornado outbreak related to climate change?**
The calendar said December but the warm moist air screamed of springtime. Add an eastbound storm front guided by a La Nina weather pattern into that mismatch and it spawned tornadoes that killed dozens over five U.S. states. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-tornado-outbreak-climate.html)
2021-12-12T13:25:39Z	**Satellite images, expert suggest Iranian space launch coming**
Iran appears to be preparing for a space launch as negotiations continue in Vienna over its tattered nuclear deal with world powers, according to an expert and satellite images. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-satellite-images-expert-iranian-space.html)
2021-12-12T13:24:06Z	**Spanish island volcano eruption hits local record of 85 days**
A volcanic eruption in Spain's Canary Islands shows no sign of ending after 85 days, becoming the island of La Palma's longest eruption on record Sunday. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-spanish-island-volcano-eruption-local.html)
2021-12-12T13:23:35Z	**Severe weather 'new normal,' US emergency chief warns after tornadoes**
More powerful, destructive, and deadlier storms will be the "new normal" as the effects of climate change take root, the top US emergency management official said Sunday after massive tornadoes ravaged six states. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-severe-weather-emergency-chief-tornadoes.html)
2021-12-12T13:23:07Z	**Race to rescue survivors as US tornadoes kill at least 94**
US rescuers desperately searched for survivors Sunday after tornadoes killed at least 94 and left towns in ruin, with emergency crews racing against time to find dozens still missing from a collapsed Kentucky factory. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-survivors-tornadoes.html)
2021-12-13T05:44:04Z	**Solar parks could boost bumble bee numbers in a win-win for nature**
New research shows that simple changes to how UK solar parks are managed could boost ground nesting bumble bee populations in the parks and surrounding areas, providing an additional benefit on top of renewable energy. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-solar-boost-bumble-bee-win-win.html)
2021-12-13T05:43:03Z	**The sky's the limit: Using airborne DNA to monitor insect biodiversity**
Scientists at Lund University have discovered for the first time that it is possible to detect insect DNA in the air. Using air from three sites in Sweden, insect DNA from 85 species could be identified. This offers scope for exploring a whole new way to monitor terrestrial biodiversity. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-sky-limit-airborne-dna-insect.html)
2021-12-13T05:42:18Z	**Indigenous communities hold a huge and unique source of ecological knowledge**
A study has found that indigenous people in the rainforests of Gabon have knowledge of plant and fruit-eating animal interactions that exceeds that found in academic literature. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-indigenous-huge-unique-source-ecological.html)
2021-12-13T10:50:02Z	**New supernova remnant detected by astronomers**
Astronomers from Costa Rica and Australia have reported the detection of a new supernova remnant (SNR) by inspecting a gamma-ray source known as FHES J1723.5−0501. The researchers found that this source is an SNR and it has been designated G17.8+16.7. The finding is detailed in a paper published December 3 on arXiv.org. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-supernova-remnant-astronomers.html)
2021-12-13T16:11:22Z	**Swirling bacteria mimic Van Gogh's 'The Starry Night'**
Scientists have discovered a way to transform millions of predatory bacteria into swirling flash mobs reminiscent of painter Vincent Van Gogh's "The Starry Night" as the unexpected result of experiments on a genetic circuit the creatures use to discern friend from foe. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-swirling-bacteria-mimic-van-gogh.html)
2021-12-13T16:10:55Z	**NASA to launch four Earth science missions in 2022**
NASA will launch four Earth science missions in 2022 to provide scientists with more information about fundamental climate systems and processes including extreme storms, surface water and oceans, and atmospheric dust. Scientists will discuss the upcoming missions at the American Geophysical Union's (AGU) 2021 Fall Meeting, hosted in New Orleans between Dec. 13 and 17. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-nasa-earth-science-missions.html)
2021-12-14T03:53:30Z	**Surfing the spin wave: New method to measure spin waves brings us one step closer to spin superfluidity**
Spin waves, a change in electron spin that propagates through a material, could fundamentally change how devices store and carry information. These waves, also known as magnons, don't scatter or couple with other particles. Under the right conditions, they can even act like a superfluid, moving through a material with zero energy loss. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-surfing-method-closer-superfluidity.html)
2021-12-14T03:52:29Z	**16-country study shows how news shapes governments' humanitarian aid**
A new study shows that media coverage of crises can increase governments' allocation of emergency humanitarian aid—whether or not the crisis merits it. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-country-news-humanitarian-aid.html)
2021-12-14T09:27:00Z	**Toxic air endangers 600 million people in South Asia**
With another smoggy winter hanging over the vast and thickly populated Indo-Gangetic plains, there are fears of serious health consequences to more than 600 million people living in northern India and Nepal as well as in eastern Pakistan and Bangladesh. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-toxic-air-endangers-million-people.html)
2021-12-14T09:26:34Z	**Newly discovered cave snail with spiky teeth**
Finding transparent snails with a length of only a few millimeters on muddy cave walls is no easy feat. "Nevertheless, we succeeded in collecting 57 gastropod populations from various caves in northern Spain. We have now studied them, both in terms of morphology and molecular genetics," explains Dr. Adrienne Jochum of the Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum in Frankfurt and the Natural History Museum and University in Bern, and she cont ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-newly-cave-snail-spiky-teeth.html)
2021-12-14T14:35:42Z	**Energy-saving strategy helps hummingbirds fuel their long migrations**
Ruby-throated hummingbirds use the same energy-conserving strategy to survive overnight fasts and build the fat stores they need to fuel long migrations, shows a study published in eLife. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-energy-saving-strategy-hummingbirds-fuel-migrations.html)
2021-12-14T14:35:38Z	**Early bloomers: Using citizen-science data to investigate unseasonal flowering in Joshua trees**
In November 2019, visitors to Joshua Tree National Park in California encountered a strange sight. Joshua trees and closely related Mojave yuccas, which normally remain reproductively dormant until late spring, were in full bloom at the tail end of autumn. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-early-bloomers-citizen-science-unseasonal-joshua.html)
2021-12-14T14:35:30Z	**Study finds that classrooms with more Black and Latinx students receive lower quality of teaching**
In a new study, researchers find that classes taught by the same teacher receive a lower quality of teaching when they comprise higher percentages of Black and Latinx students. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-classrooms-black-latinx-students-quality.html)
2021-12-15T03:37:21Z	**Despite cleaner air, pollution disparities for people of color remain across the US**
Air pollution is linked to multiple health conditions, including heart disease, cancer and cognitive decline. These effects vary depending on the source of air pollution. And not everyone is equally exposed to poor air quality. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-cleaner-air-pollution-disparities-people.html)
2021-12-15T09:36:03Z	**Making apple spirits taste better**
The holiday season is a time of celebrations and festive drinks, some of which are made with apple liquors. These classic spirits have a long history, and surprisingly, many decisions about their processing are still subjectively determined. Now, researchers in ACS Food Science & Technology report that measuring the liquor's conductivity could give a more objective assessment, and they also found a way to make the process more energy-efficient. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-apple-spirits.html)
2021-12-15T09:35:58Z	**Disaster rituals evolve from speeches and words to actions**
Whether it's the tsunami in Japan, the MH17, Bali bombings, Breivik's massacre, or corona, rituals have been devised for disasters worldwide since time immemorial to commemorate the victims. Martin Hoondert, of the Tilburg School of Humanities and Digital Sciences, one of the compilers of the just-published "Handbook of Disaster Ritual," collected stories of rituals, their history and their function with a team of international schola ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-disaster-rituals-evolve-speeches-words.html)
2021-12-15T09:35:52Z	**Daylight causes road damage**
The durability of asphalt depends crucially on bitumen—the black binder that holds the small stones in the asphalt together. As the bitumen ages, it can change its properties and become brittle, eventually causing the asphalt to crack. At TU Wien (Vienna), research is being carried out in the "Christian Doppler Laboratory for Chemo-mechanical Analysis of Bituminous Materials," which was established in 2020, to better understand these processes and make asphalt more durable. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-daylight-road.html)
2021-12-15T14:52:11Z	**A mathematical model may give more efficient climate talks**
Achieving consensus among countries in global climate negotiations is a long and complicated process. Researchers at Linköping University have developed a mathematical model that describes the achievement of the 2015 Paris Agreement and that may contribute to more efficient negotiations when striving for unanimity. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-mathematical-efficient-climate.html)
2021-12-15T14:50:57Z	**Using the Earth's noise to see beneath the Greenland ice sheet**
The noise created by the Earth's movements has been used to build up a detailed picture of the geological conditions beneath the Greenland Ice Sheet and the impact on ice flow, described in new research led by Swansea University. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-earth-noise-beneath-greenland-ice.html)
2021-12-16T03:48:28Z	**'Gentrification' changes the personality make-up of cities in just a few years, study suggests**
Rising house prices may change the personality make-up of US cities within a few years, with residents becoming increasingly open-minded—not just as wealthier people move in, but also among longer-term locals. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-gentrification-personality-make-up-cities-years.html)
2021-12-16T03:46:41Z	**French bulldogs have higher risk of 20 common health disorders**
French Bulldogs have significantly higher odds of being diagnosed with 20 common disorders compared to other dog breeds, reports a study published in the journal Canine Medicine and Genetics. To reduce the risks of breathing disorders associated with the typical shorter muzzle and flat head of French Bulldogs, the authors propose a shift to focus breeding towards more moderate characteristics. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-french-bulldogs-higher-common-health.html)
2021-12-16T09:11:31Z	**Optimism and obstacles as California strives for sustainable groundwater use**
Five years after the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA) became law in California, USC Sol Price School of Public Policy researchers examined the progress made and the obstacles stakeholders face as the state aims for sustainable groundwater use by 2042. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-optimism-obstacles-california-sustainable-groundwater.html)
2021-12-16T09:10:52Z	**Report: Climate change contributed to some of 2020's worst weather**
Failed monsoon rains that reignited the southwestern U.S. drought. A spring heat wave in western Europe. Intense Siberian wildfires. Scientists say human-caused climate change made these extreme weather events more likely, according to new research published today in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society (BAMS). ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-climate-contributed-worst-weather.html)
2021-12-16T09:10:43Z	**Commodities and cryptocurrencies in the time of COVID-19**
What relationships might we extract from an examination of the changes in values of cryptocurrencies and commodities before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. New work published in the International Journal of Business Performance Management, looks at the relationship and causality between cryptocurrencies, commodities, currencies, indexes and web search results over this period. The team demonstrated that they could model the effects with  ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-commodities-cryptocurrencies-covid-.html)
2021-12-16T09:10:14Z	**Shark bites are rare: Eight things to avoid to make them even rarer**
Shark bite incidents are rare but traumatic. They're usually followed by calls for mitigation strategies, some of which are dangerous or lethal to sharks—despite the fact most sharks are timid and actively avoid people. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-shark-rare-rarer.html)
2021-12-16T09:10:05Z	**The jet stream took a sharp turn, and the US got unprecedented tornado weather in December**
Extremely powerful winds swept across a large part of the U.S. on Dec. 15, 2021, hitting several states with hurricane-force gusts. Record temperatures helped generate tornadoes in Iowa, winds spread grass fires and dust clouds in Kansas, and wind damage was reported from northern New Mexico and Colorado into the Midwest. The National Weather Service described it as a "historical weather day" with a "ne ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-jet-stream-sharp-unprecedented-tornado.html)
2021-12-16T15:11:44Z	**Room-temperature crystallography aids new study of photosynthetic bacteria**
Chemists have come to a deeper understanding of how photosynthetic bacteria convert light into chemical energy and discovered why one step in the process may be more robust than previously realized, according to a new study published this week in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-room-temperature-crystallography-aids-photosynthetic-bacteria.html)
2021-12-16T15:11:15Z	**Map of transparent butterflies highlights biodiversity hotspot in the Andes Mountains**
With over a million known species, insects are by far the most diverse group of organisms on Earth, with conservative estimates indicating there are millions more waiting to be found. But extinction due to human pressures may be outpacing the rate of discovery, with species disappearing before researchers even knew they existed. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-transparent-butterflies-highlights-biodiversity-hotspot.html)
2021-12-16T15:10:43Z	**Research team takes important step in quantum computing with error correction**
Researchers at QuTech—a collaboration between the TU Delft and TNO—have reached a milestone in quantum error correction. They have integrated high-fidelity operations on encoded quantum data with a scalable scheme for repeated data stabilization. The researchers report their findings in the December issue of Nature Physics. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-team-important-quantum-error.html)
2021-12-16T15:10:35Z	**Research group isolates reaction step that describes energetics of catalysis on materials**
New research published in Nature Materials from Associate Professor Tanja Cuk and colleagues sheds light on a fundamental chemical reaction—the breaking apart of water to produce a molecular fuel such as hydrogen. Cuk is faculty in the University of Colorado Boulder Department of Chemistry and the Materials Science and Engineering Program (MSE) and is a Fellow in the Renewable and Sustainable Ene ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-group-isolates-reaction-energetics-catalysis.html)
2021-12-16T15:09:59Z	**Seed microorganisms override soil microorganisms when colonizing plants**
New research shows that when it comes to colonizing plants, microorganisms from seeds have more staying power than microorganisms from the soil. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-seed-microorganisms-override-soil-colonizing.html)
2021-12-17T03:02:06Z	**Melting Arctic ice draws killer whales further north**
In the pale winter darkness of northern Norway, a huge flock of seagulls circles above an Arctic fjord, signifying the presence of a group of unusual predators in the water below. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-arctic-ice-killer-whales-north.html)
2021-12-17T10:40:01Z	**Workers welcome shortened work week, research study finds**
Municipal staff in Zorra Township are so satisfied with a four-day work week that almost three-quarters of them would like to extend the innovative experiment. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-workers-shortened-week.html)
2021-12-17T10:38:58Z	**Self-healing 3D printed plastic can repair itself using only light**
UNSW engineers have demonstrated a way to help 3D printed plastic heal itself at room temperature using only lights. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-self-healing-3d-plastic.html)
2021-12-17T10:37:42Z	**Octopus, crabs and lobsters feel pain: How we found out**
Does a lobster feel pain when you pop it in a pot? The UK government asked us to find out. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-octopus-crabs-lobsters-pain.html)
2021-12-17T10:37:35Z	**Microbes reduce methane coming from Amsterdam's canals**
According to researchers from Radboud University and Utrecht University, Amsterdam's canals emit relatively little methane. Methane-eating microbes that make their home on the canal walls probably play an important role. There is also remarkably little contamination of nitrogen, phosphate and organic matter in the canals. The researchers published the results in the Environmental Microbiology journal on 14 December. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-microbes-methane-amsterdam-canals.html)
2021-12-17T10:37:24Z	**Smooth hydrophobic coatings may be more effective for aircraft de-icing**
Icing poses a hazard to aircraft and is usually prevented with anti-icing fluids and hydrophobic coatings that reduce wettability and do not allow water to freeze on the aircraft surface. Yet little is known about whether combining these two methods is effective. Russian researchers have found out how hydrophobic coatings influence the efficiency of anti-icing fluids. Their experimental findings indicate that skin ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-smooth-hydrophobic-coatings-effective-aircraft.html)
2021-12-17T10:37:17Z	**Pioneering new technique to barcode cells**
Scientists have developed a pioneering new technique to barcode individual cells more accurately and efficiently—which could help pave the way for quicker disease diagnosis. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-technique-barcode-cells.html)
2021-12-17T10:36:28Z	**Two eyes better than one: An innovative strategy for precision agriculture**
The agricultural field is a testbed for rapidly developing technologies involving unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and image processing techniques, which are quickly becoming indispensable tools for efficient precision agriculture and plant phenotyping (assessment of observable plant traits). Using aerial images obtained from UAV-mounted multispectral cameras, experts can quickly obtain useful information such as plant hei ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-eyes-strategy-precision-agriculture.html)
2021-12-17T10:36:07Z	**Selective separation could help alleviate critical metals shortage**
New processing methods developed by MIT researchers could help ease looming shortages of the essential metals that power everything from phones to automotive batteries, by making it easier to separate these rare metals from mining ores and recycled materials. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-alleviate-critical-metals-shortage.html)
2021-12-17T10:35:16Z	**Group develops world's first DMA for hard materials**
Recently, the Li Faxin Research Group of Peking University College of Engineering developed the world's first dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) suitable for hard materials (metals, ceramics, etc.). The instrument is based on the electro-mechanical impedance method which can quickly, accurately, and automatically measure  Young's modulus, shear modulus, and corresponding internal friction of materials under variable temperature conditions. The adven ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-group-world-dma-hard-materials.html)
2021-12-17T10:34:58Z	**Redrawing the lines: Growing inexpensive, high-quality iron-based superconductors**
Superconducting materials show zero electrical resistance at low temperatures, which allows them to conduct "supercurrents" without dissipation. Recently, a group of scientists led by Dr. Kazumasa Iida from Nagoya University, Japan, developed an inexpensive, scalable way to produce high-temperature superconductors using "grain boundary engineering" techniques. The new method could help develop stron ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-redrawing-lines-inexpensive-high-quality-iron-based.html)
2021-12-17T10:34:34Z	**Millet bread and pulse dough from Early Iron Age South India**
Prof. Jennifer Bates and her coworkers, Kelly Wilcox Black and Prof. Kathleen Morrison, published a new archaeobotanical article, "Millet Bread and Pulse Dough from Early Iron Age South India: Charred Food Lumps as Culinary Indicators, " in the Journal of Archaeological Science. Jennifer is a former Postdoc in the Penn Paleoecology Lab, now an Assistant Professor at Seoul National University, Kelly is a Ph.D. student at the University of Ch ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-millet-bread-pulse-dough-early.html)
2021-12-17T16:27:32Z	**Using sparse data to predict lab quakes**
A machine-learning approach developed for sparse data reliably predicts fault slip in laboratory earthquakes and could be key to predicting fault slip and potentially earthquakes in the field. The research by a Los Alamos National Laboratory team builds on their previous success using data-driven approaches that worked for slow-slip events in earth but came up short on large-scale stick-slip faults that generate relatively little data—but big quakes. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-sparse-lab-quakes.html)
2021-12-17T16:26:28Z	**Arriving in mainland Malaysia, banana Blood disease now poised to spread throughout Southeast Asia**
The world's most consumed fruit and an important staple for many developing companies, bananas are increasingly threated by Blood disease, so named because cut banana stems look like they are bleeding. Blood disease causes fruit rot, leaf wilt, and plant death. There is no known cure for the disease. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-mainland-malaysia-banana-blood-disease.html)
2021-12-17T16:26:08Z	**Decreased fungicide application causes decline of resistant fungal pathogens indicating hidden in field fitness costs**
The use of fungicides to treat plant pathogens dates back 150 years, when a mixture of lime and copper sulfate, known as the "Bordeaux mixture," was used to control fungal diseases in French vineyards. However, as fungicide usage has increased, their efficacy has decreased thanks to a phenomenon known as fungicide resistance. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-decreased-fungicide-application-decline-resistant.html)
2021-12-18T05:25:16Z	**California commission OKs poisoning plan for wildlife refuge**
The California Coastal Commission has approved a plan to poison invasive mice threatening rare seabirds on the Farallon Islands National Wildlife Refuge. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-california-commission-oks-poisoning-wildlife.html)
2021-12-18T12:50:02Z	**New space telescope to uncover secrets of Universe's origins**
The NASA-led James Webb Space Telescope, which includes hardware designed and built at UCL and which will image the very first stars to shine in the Universe, is scheduled to be launched into space later this month. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-space-telescope-uncover-secrets-universe.html)
2021-12-19T05:23:41Z	**Russia ready to 'fight' for space tourism supremacy**
After a decade-long hiatus, Russia is relaunching an ambitious bid for dominion over the world's budding space tourism industry, jostling with zealous billionaires, the United States, and rising China. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-russia-ready-space-tourism-supremacy.html)
2021-12-19T10:40:02Z	**Baboons can reproduce social conventions to problem solve: study**
French researchers have observed non-human primates developing social conventions to work together to obtain a reward, in an experiment set up with a group of baboons. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-baboons-social-conventions-problem.html)
2021-12-19T15:47:08Z	**Bird flu outbreak in French foie gras region**
An outbreak of bird flu has been detected in a duck farm in France's Landes region, the heart of foie gras production, local officials said Sunday. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-bird-flu-outbreak-french-foie.html)
2021-12-20T05:34:43Z	**Deadliest period in Earth's history was also the stinkiest**
Tiny microbes belching toxic gas helped cause—and prolong—the biggest mass extinction in Earth's history, a new study suggests. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-deadliest-period-earth-history-stinkiest.html)
2021-12-20T05:00:01Z	**Himalayan glaciers melting at 'exceptional rate'**
The accelerating melting of the Himalayan glaciers threatens the water supply of millions of people in Asia, new research warns. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-himalayan-glaciers-exceptional.html)
2021-12-20T04:20:01Z	**Giant rubber whale helps Kiwi rescuers battle beachings**
A two-tonne rubber whale can take on a life of its own in the frigid shallows of a windswept New Zealand beach, particularly when a bedraggled group of would-be rescuers is trying to wrestle it into a harness. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-giant-rubber-whale-kiwi-rescuers.html)
2021-12-20T04:10:05Z	**Death toll passes 200 after Philippines typhoon**
The death toll from the strongest typhoon to hit the Philippines this year surpassed 200 on Monday, as desperate survivors pleaded for urgent supplies of drinking water and food. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-death-toll-philippines-typhoon.html)
2021-12-20T04:00:44Z	**Schools use therapy-based programs for 'overwhelmed' kids**
On a windy December morning in rural southwest Michigan, an American flag flapped at half-staff outside Paw Paw Early Elementary School. A social worker with a miniature therapy dog named Trixie offered comfort at the entry doors. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-schools-therapy-based-overwhelmed-kids.html)
2021-12-20T03:57:16Z	**Japanese space tourists safely return to Earth**
A Japanese billionaire, his producer and a Russian cosmonaut safely returned to Earth on Monday after spending 12 days on the International Space Station. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-japanese-space-tourists-safely-earth.html)
2021-12-20T11:00:07Z	**A pathway emerges: Biologists describe structure and function of a heme transport and assembly machine**
Heme is an essential part of the protein hemoglobin, which colors human blood red. Heme also is crucial for cytochrome proteins, which power the cell. Humans, animals, plants and bacteria all use heme. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-pathway-emerges-biologists-function-heme.html)
2021-12-20T11:00:06Z	**3D printed nanomagnets unveil a world of patterns in the magnetic field**
Scientists have used state-of-the-art 3D printing and microscopy to provide a new glimpse of what happens when taking magnets to three-dimensions on the nanoscale—1000 times smaller than a human hair. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-3d-nanomagnets-unveil-world-patterns.html)
2021-12-20T11:00:05Z	**New research moves closer to harnessing viruses to fight bacteria and reduce antibiotic use**
New research has moved a step closer to harnessing viruses to fight bacterial infection, reducing the threat of antibiotic resistance. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-closer-harnessing-viruses-bacteria-antibiotic.html)
2021-12-20T11:00:05Z	**Abundance of life discovered beneath an Antarctic ice shelf**
Far beneath the ice shelves of the Antarctic, there is more marine life than expected, finds a recent study in the journal Current Biology, published this week. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-abundance-life-beneath-antarctic-ice.html)
2021-12-20T11:00:05Z	**How populists' election results lead to far-right demonstrations**
In liberal-leaning municipalities, there is an increased probability of far-right demonstrations in the wake of unexpectedly strong election results by right-wing populists. This is one of the insights from an investigation based on electoral results of the AfD party in Germany. The study reveals a surprise effect on the part of people who previously believed that their attitudes were less socially acceptable. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-populists-election-results-far-right.html)
2021-12-20T11:00:04Z	**Shoots and roots respond differently to climate change**
A new synthesis conducted by a group of international scientists including Madhav P. Thakur from the University of Bern reveals mismatches between above and belowground plant phenology due to climate change. These findings are important to understand the consequences of climate change on terrestrial biodiversity. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-roots-differently-climate.html)
2021-12-20T11:00:02Z	**Ostrich eggshell beads reveal 50,000-year-old social network across Africa**
Humans are social creatures, but little is known about when, how and why different populations connected in the past. Answering these questions is crucial for interpreting the biological and cultural diversity that we see in human populations today. DNA is a powerful tool for studying genetic interactions between populations, but it can't address any cultural exchanges within these ancient meetings. Now, scientists fro ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-ostrich-eggshell-beads-reveal-year-old.html)
2021-12-20T11:00:02Z	**Measuring a quantum computer's power just got faster and more accurate**
What does a quantum computer have in common with a top draft pick in sports? Both have attracted lots of attention from talent scouts. Quantum computers, experimental machines that can perform some tasks faster than supercomputers, are constantly evaluated, much like young athletes, for their potential to someday become game-changing technology. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-quantum-power-faster-accurate.html)
2021-12-20T11:00:01Z	**Moments of silence point the way toward better superconductors**
High-precision measurements have provided important clues about processes that impair the efficiency of superconductors. Future work building on this research could offer improvements in a range of superconductor devices, such quantum computers and sensitive particle detectors. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-moments-silence-superconductors.html)
2021-12-20T16:44:49Z	**Parental rejection leads to negative behaviors and emotions that range from bullying to anxiety, finds study**
The ways parents show affection toward their children differ in different cultures. But children's reactions to rejection by a parent don't, reports a team of researchers from the University of Connecticut (UConn) and other universities in the Journal of Child and Family Studies. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-parental-negative-behaviors-emotions-range.html)
2021-12-20T16:44:21Z	**Rise of alternative data could be a boon, not a bust, for hedge funds, says study**
Whether it's satellite images or social media activity, alternative data has become hot property as hedge funds and other large asset managers hunt for new ways to gain a competitive edge in their trading strategies. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-alternative-boon-hedge-funds.html)
2021-12-20T16:44:12Z	**Venus will soon appear to sink and disappear right before our eyes**
Are you trying to get into a morning routine for the new year? Venus is, too. The planet will undergo a transformation that only happens once every 584 days. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-venus-eyes.html)
2021-12-20T16:44:03Z	**How NASA's Psyche mission will explore an unexplored world**
Launching in August 2022 and arriving at the asteroid belt in 2026, NASA's Psyche spacecraft will orbit a world we can barely pinpoint from Earth and have never visited. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-nasa-psyche-mission-explore-unexplored.html)
2021-12-21T04:09:40Z	**14 dead, 70,000 displaced in Malaysian floods**
The Malaysian military used boats Tuesday to distribute food to desperate people trapped in their homes after massive floods, as the death toll rose to 14 with over 70,000 displaced. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-dead-displaced-malaysian.html)
2021-12-21T09:20:01Z	**What is the UV index? An expert explains what it means and how it's calculated**
You've probably seen the UV index in the day's weather forecast, and you know it tells you when you need to cover up and wear sunscreen. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-uv-index-expert.html)
2021-12-21T14:42:04Z	**Birds' dazzling iridescence tied to nanoscale tweak of feather structure**
The iridescent shimmer that makes birds such as peacocks and hummingbirds so striking is rooted in a natural nanostructure so complex that people are only just beginning to replicate it technologically. The secret to how birds produce these brilliant colors lies in a key feature of the feather's nanoscale design, according to a study led by Princeton University researchers and published in the journal eLife. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-birds-dazzling-iridescence-tied-nanoscale.html)
2021-12-21T14:40:31Z	**Chicago's winter officially arrives in record-setting fashion; Still no measurable snow**
Tuesday at 9:58 a.m. marked the arrival of winter, and with it came a weather record. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-chicago-winter-record-setting-fashion.html)
2021-12-22T04:08:39Z	**High wind postpones launch of NASA's newest space telescope**
Dangerously high wind will keep NASA's newest space telescope on the ground for at least an extra day, with the launch now targeted for Saturday—Christmas Day—at the earliest. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-high-postpones-nasa-space-telescope.html)
2021-12-22T09:23:55Z	**Preparing, and paying for, climate change-induced disasters**
During the evening hours of Dec. 10, a flurry of tornadoes ravaged several states, claiming close to 100 lives and leaving whole communities in wreckage. According to the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the storms were at least the 19th weather or climate disaster to cause more than $1 billion in damage this year, coming on the heels of droughts, wildfires, severe cold snaps, hurricanes, and other severe weat ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-climate-change-induced-disasters.html)
2021-12-22T09:23:25Z	**Common flower species holds promise for beneficial psychedelic drugs**
Thanks to a symbiotic fungus, many species of morning glories contain elements of powerful psychedelic drugs, according to a new Tulane University study published in the journal Communications Biology. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-common-species-beneficial-psychedelic-drugs.html)
2021-12-22T09:20:01Z	**The real reason to worry about sharks in Australian waters this summer: One in eight are endangered**
If you're heading to the beach this summer, the thought of sharks might cross your mind. I don't mean wondering whether a shark will take you for dinner (that's very, very unlikely) but rather, how these remarkable creatures are faring in the marine ecosystem. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-real-sharks-australian-summer-endangered.html)
2021-12-22T15:42:35Z	**Researchers find that iodine in desert dust destroys ozone**
When winds loft fine desert dust high into the atmosphere, iodine in that dust can trigger chemical reactions that destroy some air pollution, but also let greenhouse gases stick around longer. The finding, published today in the journal Science Advances, may force researchers to re-evaluate how particles from land can impact the chemistry of the atmosphere. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-iodine-ozone.html)
2021-12-22T15:42:08Z	**Novel semiconductor gives new perspective on anomalous Hall effect**
A large, unconventional anomalous Hall resistance in a new magnetic semiconductor in the absence of large-scale magnetic ordering has been demonstrated by Tokyo Tech materials scientists, validating a recent theoretical prediction. Their findings provide new insights into the anomalous Hall effect, a quantum phenomenon that has previously been associated with long-range magnetic order. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-semiconductor-perspective-anomalous-hall-effect.html)
2021-12-23T04:32:10Z	**Too many gorillas? The great apes' hunt for space in Rwanda**
A huge male silverback gorilla nibbles on a tasty bamboo shoot before farting loudly, oblivious to his neighbours—farmers working fertile fields a stone's throw away. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-gorillas-great-apes-space-rwanda.html)
2021-12-23T10:09:10Z	**Using game theory to thwart multistage privacy intrusions when sharing data**
Biomedical data is widely collected in the field of medicine, although sharing such data can raise privacy concerns about the re-identification of seemingly anonymous records. Risk assessment frameworks for formal re-identification can inform decisions on the process of sharing data, and current methods focus on scenarios where data recipients use only one resource to identify purposes. However, this can affect privacy ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-game-theory-thwart-multistage-privacy.html)
2021-12-23T10:08:22Z	**Ephemeral evidence of Mediterranean mobility**
The central Mediterranean throughout time has been a region defined by the continuous flow of people, goods, and ideas. Excavation and analysis of ancient shipwrecks along these coastlines reveal the overlapping social, political, and economic relationships that fostered the development of the region and spurred wide-ranging movement across the Mediterranean Sea. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-ephemeral-evidence-mediterranean-mobility.html)
2021-12-23T10:08:09Z	**Now is the time for lawmakers to care about microplastics**
If the word 'microplastics' conjures up thoughts of straws, sea turtles, and thoughts that the world has bigger problems, you're definitely not alone. It's in the name: although they are strictly defined as plastic particles measuring five millimeters or less, most microplastics are microscopic in size, and seem to have a corresponding level of significance. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-lawmakers-microplastics.html)
2021-12-23T10:07:53Z	**Increase in online chatting has adverse effects on reading skills worldwide**
The worldwide deterioration of reading skills due to the increase in online chatting is continuing per country. This is the conclusion of a study by researcher Hans Luyten from the University of Twente. He studied the data from the international PISA-surveys (Programme for International Student Assessment) in 2009 and 2018 in 63 countries. This was part of a large-scale comparative research study conducted under the a ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-online-chatting-adverse-effects-skills.html)
2021-12-23T10:07:20Z	**Out of Africa: The path of Homo sapiens**
What routes did Homo sapiens take on his way from Africa to Europe and Asia in the previous millennia? The climatic conditions changed, and with them the living conditions. The advance was hampered in some places by deserts, in others by dense forests. Over the past twelve years, a team of researchers within the framework of the Collaborative Research Center 806 "Our Way to Europe" unraveled the complex interplay of cultural innovations and environment that shaped mi ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-africa-path-homo-sapiens.html)
2021-12-23T10:07:04Z	**Bacterial battle: How protective cultures can protect us from food-borne pathogens in cheese**
Cheese is a simple product. It usually only consists of milk, enzymes, salt, and bacteria that give the cheese its form and flavor. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-bacterial-cultures-food-borne-pathogens-cheese.html)
2021-12-23T15:44:10Z	**The fate of Latin American forests in a warming world**
Latin American forests—one of the world's greatest assets in the fight against climate change—will likely continue to shrink in size and economic clout, but not necessarily in their ability to help fight global warming, according to new research from Georgia Tech's School of Public Policy (SPP). ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-fate-latin-american-forests-world.html)
2021-12-23T15:43:43Z	**Research team creates the world's lightest isotope of magnesium to date**
In collaboration with an international team of researchers, Michigan State University (MSU) has helped create the world's lightest version—or isotope—of magnesium to date. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-team-world-lightest-isotope-magnesium.html)
2021-12-23T15:43:21Z	**Earth's first-known giant was as big as a sperm whale**
The two-meter skull of a newly discovered species of giant ichthyosaur, the earliest known, is shedding new light on the marine reptiles' rapid growth into behemoths of the Dinosaurian oceans, and helping us better understand the journey of modern cetaceans (whales and dolphins) to becoming the largest animals to ever inhabit the Earth. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-earth-first-known-giant-big-sperm.html)
2021-12-24T04:32:52Z	**Possible relics of lost WWII US bomber, crew found in Italy**
An archaeological dig in Sicily has uncovered traces of a lost World War II American heavy bomber shot down in 1943, and possible human remains that could lead to identification of five airmen whose bodies were never recovered. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-relics-lost-wwii-bomber-crew.html)
2021-12-24T04:32:34Z	**Yes, there is a Santa Claus. And no, COVID-19 won't stop him**
Rest assured, kids of all ages: Santa's coming this Christmas Eve, and a second holiday with COVID-19 won't stop him. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-santa-claus-covid-wont.html)
2021-12-25T06:28:25Z	**NASA telescope set for launch on million-mile voyage**
The world's most powerful space telescope is set to blast off on Saturday to its outpost 1.5 million kilometres (930,000 miles) from Earth, after several delays caused by technical hitches. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-nasa-telescope-million-mile-voyage.html)
2021-12-26T09:50:01Z	**Largest collection of free-floating planets found in the Milky Way**
Using observations and archival data from several of NSF's NOIRLab's observatories, together with observations from telescopes around the world and in orbit, astronomers have discovered at least 70 new free-floating planets—planets that wander through space without a parent star—in a nearby region of the Milky Way. This is the largest sample of such planets found in a single group and it nearly doubles the number known over t ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-largest-free-floating-planets-milky.html)
2021-12-27T02:06:46Z	**Philippines typhoon death toll rises to 388: govt**
The death toll from one of the most destructive typhoons to hit the Philippines in recent years rose to 388 on Monday, the government said, as disease outbreaks threatened some of the stricken areas. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-philippines-typhoon-death-toll-govt.html)
2021-12-27T02:05:39Z	**Large Israel bird flu outbreak kills 2,000 wild cranes**
A bird flu outbreak has killed more than 2,000 wild cranes on a reserve in northern Israel, an unusually high toll for the seasonal flu, the parks authority said Sunday. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-large-israel-bird-flu-outbreak.html)
2021-12-27T08:48:30Z	**Ring in the New Year with less food waste**
While fighting food waste is a year-round mission, it's more important than ever around the holidays. This is something to consider during this year's festivities, typically known for an abundance of food. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-year-food.html)
2021-12-27T13:57:13Z	**International team of scientists proposes a global network to monitor major threats on our environment**
Earth's ecosystems and human activities are threatened by a broad spectrum of hazards threatening ground infrastructures, space systems and space flight: Solar activity, earthquakes, atmospheric and climatic disturbances, changes in the geomagnetic field, fluctuations of the global electric circuit. These hazards leave distinguishable characteristic imprints on a critical layer of geos ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-international-team-scientists-global-network.html)
2021-12-27T13:52:58Z	**The future of 3D display and the emergence of holographic television**
The pioneers of holography (Gabor, Leith, Upatnieks, and Denisyuk) predicted very early that the ultimate 3D display will be based on this technique. This conviction was rooted in the fact that holography is the only approach that can render all optical cues interpreted by the human visual system. Holographic 3D displays have been a dream chased after for many years, facing challenges on all fronts: Computation, transmis ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-future-3d-emergence-holographic-television.html)
2021-12-28T01:38:41Z	**Scientists digitally 'unwrap' mummy of pharaoh Amenhotep I for the first time in 3,000 years**
All the royal mummies found in the 19th and 20th centuries have long since been opened for study. With one exception: egyptologists have never been bold enough to open the mummy of Pharaoh Amenhotep I. Not because of any mythical curse, but because it is perfectly wrapped, beautifully decorated with flower garlands, and with face and neck covered by an exquisite lifelike facemask inset with colorf ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-scientists-digitally-unwrap-mummy-pharaoh.html)
2021-12-28T07:25:30Z	**Hunting galaxies far far away – here's how anyone can explore the universe**
By far my favourite thing about my job as an astronomer is those rare moments when I get to see beautiful distant galaxies, whose light left them millions to billions of years ago. It's a combination of pure awe and scientific curiosity that excites me about "galaxy hunting". ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-galaxies-explore-universe.html)
2021-12-28T12:55:07Z	**Antarctic oceanographers use seals to do research where ships fear to go**
Oceanographers have great difficulty conducting investigations by ship in Antarctic continental shelf areas where ice is attached to the shore, so a team of researchers have replaced these boat-based studies with sensors attached to seals, which have far less trouble navigating such waters. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-antarctic-oceanographers-ships.html)
2021-12-29T01:51:44Z	**Nits on ancient mummies shed light on South American ancestry**
Human DNA can be extracted from the 'cement' head lice used to glue their eggs to hairs thousands of years ago, scientists have found, which could provide an important new window into the past. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-nits-ancient-mummies-south-american.html)
2021-12-29T08:39:22Z	**Skeleton of young man killed by ancient tsunami found on Turkish coast**
An international team of researchers has found and excavated the remains of a young man killed approximately 3,600 years ago by a tsunami created by the eruption of Thera—a volcano located on what is now the island of Santorini. In their paper published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the group describes how the remains were found and how they were identified as belonging to a victim of the Thera tsun ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-skeleton-young-ancient-tsunami-turkish.html)
2021-12-29T14:04:46Z	**Secrets of regulatory T cell development reveal clinical possibilities**
Immunologists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have identified biochemical "switches" that control development of regulatory T cells and offer a novel strategy for treatment of autoimmune diseases and cancer. The research appeared earlier this month in the journal Cell Reports. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-secrets-regulatory-cell-reveal-clinical.html)
2021-12-30T01:51:03Z	**'Snow guns' spewing man-made Beijing Olympics snow raise concerns**
Bright yellow turbines line the slopes of the Beijing Winter Olympics, spraying out the artificial snow needed for the Games to take place. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-guns-spewing-man-made-beijing-olympics.html)
2021-12-30T01:50:01Z	**India saw record 126 tiger deaths in 2021: data**
India's tiger conservation body said 126 of the endangered big cats died in 2021, the highest toll since it began compiling data a decade ago. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-india-tiger-deaths.html)
2021-12-30T08:13:30Z	**Scientists design and construct minimized synthetic carbon fixation cycle**
Scientists from the Institute of Microbiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (IMCAS) recently reported a minimized synthetic carbon fixation cycle. The cycle only contains four biochemical reactions and is capable of condensing two molecules of carbon dioxide into one molecule of oxalate in each round. The study was published in ACS Catalysis. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-scientists-minimized-synthetic-carbon-fixation.html)
2021-12-30T08:13:03Z	**Multi-sphere interactions underlie impacts of the Arctic on Eurasian climate change**
Observations suggest a warming trend in the Arctic, and a cooling trend in Eurasia during the past several decades. Is there a cause-and-effect relationship in this pattern? The question has been hotly debated for quite a while. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-multi-sphere-interactions-underlie-impacts-arctic.html)
2021-12-30T08:11:30Z	**Early humans gained energy budget by increasing rate of energy acquisition, not energy-saving adaptation**
A team of researchers affiliated with multiple institutions in the U.S., the Institute for Advanced Study in Toulouse, France and the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Germany has found evidence that suggests early humans gained an energy budget by increasing their rate of energy acquisition, not by taking advantage of adaptive strategies. In their paper published in th ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-early-humans-gained-energy-acquisition.html)
2021-12-30T13:47:12Z	**More hurricanes likely to slam Connecticut and region due to climate change, says study**
More hurricanes are likely to slam Connecticut and the region as the planet continues warming due to greenhouse gas emissions, according to a study led by Yale University researchers. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-hurricanes-slam-connecticut-region-due.html)
2021-12-30T13:47:05Z	**Officials declare California oil spill cleanup complete**
Nearly three months after an undersea pipeline spilled thousands of gallons of crude oil into the waters off Southern California, authorities have announced that coastal cleanup efforts are now complete. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-declare-california-oil-cleanup.html)
2021-12-31T02:53:27Z	**Hundreds of homes feared lost in Colorado wildfires**
Hundreds of homes are feared lost in fast-moving wildfires in the US state of Colorado, officials said Thursday, as flames tore through areas desiccated by a historic drought. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-hundreds-homes-lost-colorado-wildfires.html)
2021-12-31T14:53:52Z	**Rare leopard captured in northern Iraq**
An endangered leopard captured in Iraq's mountainous north had its hind leg amputated on Friday following a trap-inflicted wound, an AFP photographer said. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-rare-leopard-captured-northern-iraq.html)
2022-01-01T06:19:59Z	**Colorado wildfire took hold 'in blink of an eye': governor**
A fast-spreading wildfire that tore through several Colorado towns—laying waste to entire neighborhoods "in the blink of an eye," according to the governor—had largely burned itself out Friday, with heavy snow expected to douse any remaining embers. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-colorado-wildfire-eye-governor.html)
2022-01-02T06:21:11Z	**Three people missing in Colorado wildfire**
Three people are missing after a wildfire tore through several Colorado towns, quickly destroying nearly 1,000 homes as part of the latest in a string of US natural disasters. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-people-colorado-wildfire.html)
2022-01-02T06:20:43Z	**France bans plastic packaging for fruit and veg**
A ban on the use of plastic to package a range of fruit and vegetables came into force in France on Saturday, to the dismay of the sector's packaging industry. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-france-plastic-packaging-fruit-veg.html)
2022-01-02T06:20:01Z	**Climate change, new construction mean more ruinous fires**
The winter grassland fire that blew up along Colorado's Front Range was rare, experts say, but similar events will be more common in the coming years as climate change warms the planet—sucking the moisture out of plants—suburbs grow in fire-prone areas and people continue to spark destructive blazes. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-climate-ruinous.html)
2022-01-02T14:04:30Z	**Mexican fish extinct in wild successfully reintroduced**
There once was a small fish called "tequila splitfin" or "zoogoneticus tequila" that swam in a river in western Mexico, but disappeared in the 1990s. Scientists and residents, however, have achieved the return of a species extinct in nature—but conserved in captivity—to its native habitat. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-mexican-fish-extinct-wild-successfully.html)
2022-01-03T04:01:11Z	**Will Beijing's 'green Olympics' really be green?**
China wants to use the Beijing Winter Olympics to showcase its green credentials but there are concerns over the environmental cost of a Games relying on artificial snow in one of the driest places in the country. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-beijing-green-olympics.html)
2022-01-03T09:10:04Z	**Spatio-kinematic properties of planetary nebula Abell 48 explored by recent research**
Astronomers have conducted a comprehensive spatio-kinematic study of a planetary nebula known as Abell 48. Results of the research could improve our knowledge about the properties and nature of this object. The study was published December 22 on the arXiv pre-print repository. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-spatio-kinematic-properties-planetary-nebula-abell.html)
2022-01-03T09:10:01Z	**Garden birds are struggling: four ways to help**
More than a quarter of Britain's birds are now on the RSPB's red list, meaning that their numbers are in severe decline. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-garden-birds-struggling-ways.html)
2022-01-03T14:53:28Z	**NASA's new space telescope 'hunky-dory' after problems fixed**
NASA's huge, new space telescope is doing well more than a week after liftoff, following a pair of problems overcome by ground controllers, officials said Monday. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-nasa-space-telescope-hunky-dory-problems.html)
2022-01-03T14:52:21Z	**Research: Classroom observation scores for Tennessee teachers vary by race and gender**
New research by the Tennessee Education Research Alliance at Vanderbilt University's Peabody College reveals that Black and male teachers in Tennessee have received lower observation scores than white and female teachers every year since the state's evaluation system began in 2011. Those gaps among race and gender remain even when comparing similarly qualified teachers who perform the same according to oth ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-classroom-scores-tennessee-teachers-vary.html)
2022-01-03T14:50:25Z	**Accidental tree wound reveals novel symbiotic behavior by ants**
One afternoon, during the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic in Panama, a bored teenager with a slingshot and a clay ball accidentally shot entry and exit holes in a Cecropia tree trunk. These are "ant-plant" trees, which famously cooperate with fierce Azteca ants; the trees provide shelter and food to the ants, and in exchange the ants defend their leaves against herbivores. The next morning, to the student's surprise, the Azte ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-accidental-tree-wound-reveals-symbiotic.html)
2022-01-03T14:50:20Z	**Liquid-metal experiment provides insight into the heating mechanism of the sun's corona**
Why the sun's corona reaches temperatures of several million degrees Celsius is one of the great mysteries of solar physics. A "hot" trail to explain this effect leads to a region of the solar atmosphere just below the corona, where sound waves and certain plasma waves travel at the same speed. In an experiment using the molten alkali metal rubidium and pulsed high magnetic fields, a team from the Helmh ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-liquid-metal-insight-mechanism-sun-corona.html)
2022-01-04T04:11:43Z	**NASA estimates metrics of exploding meteor that shook ground**
A meteor that caused an earthshaking boom over suburban Pittsburgh on New Year's Day exploded in the atmosphere with an energy blast equivalent to an estimated 30 tons (27,216 kilograms) of TNT, officials said. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-nasa-metrics-meteor-shook-ground.html)
2022-01-04T10:22:09Z	**New epoch of miniaturized Cherenkov detectors**
Recently, the research team led by Prof. Yu Luo from the school of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, discovered surface Dyakonov-Cherenkov radiation. This new type of Cherenkov radiation not only presages the next generation of miniaturized Cherenkov detectors, but also provides an indispensable route to detect particle trajectory. Moreover, this work offers a feasible route to excite Dyakonov surface waves,  ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-epoch-miniaturized-cherenkov-detectors.html)
2022-01-04T10:21:55Z	**The toilet of a First Temple period luxury villa reveals the Jerusalem elite suffered from infectious disease**
A new study by Tel Aviv University and the Israel Antiquities Authority has exposed the remains of 2,700-year-old intestinal worm eggs below the stone toilet of a magnificent private estate. The egg remnants belong to four different types of intestinal parasites: roundworm, tapeworm, whipworm, and pinworm. According to the researchers, the stone toilet seat was in the estate's "restroom,"  ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-toilet-temple-period-luxury-villa.html)
2022-01-04T10:21:42Z	**Study explores the substructure of massive clump AGAL35**
Using the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA), Argentinian astronomers have investigated a massive molecular clump known as AGAL35 (or AGAL G035.1330−00.7450). Results of the study, published December 27 on the arXiv preprint server, could advance the understanding of the process of star formation. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-explores-substructure-massive-clump-agal35.html)
2022-01-04T10:21:15Z	**Climate change, invasive species found to drive native trout declines**
In a new study published in Science Advances, University of Montana researchers found that climate change drives native trout declines by reducing stream habitat and facilitating the expansion of invasive trout species. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-climate-invasive-species-native-trout.html)
2022-01-04T15:54:26Z	**Study finds fertilization affects soil microbial biomass and residue distribution by changing root biomass**
Increasing nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) input is one of the major contributors to anthropogenic climate change, which can regulate the sequestration and storage of soil organic carbon (SOC) by changing microbial communities and their residues, the significant component of stable SOC. However, it remains unclear how N and P fertilization influence aggregate-associated microbial c ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-fertilization-affects-soil-microbial-biomass.html)
2022-01-05T03:48:42Z	**US agencies investigate Navy fuel leak's effect on civilians**
U.S. public health officials on Tuesday began investigating how civilians have been affected by the leakage of petroleum into Pearl Harbor's tap water from a Navy fuel storage facility. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-agencies-navy-fuel-leak-effect.html)
2022-01-05T09:00:01Z	**High levels of PFAS found in anti-fogging sprays and cloths**
The anti-fogging sprays and cloths many people use to prevent condensation on their eyeglasses when wearing a mask or face shield may contain high levels of per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS), a new Duke University-led study finds. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-high-pfas-anti-fogging.html)
2022-01-05T15:04:14Z	**Engineers develop new software tool to aid material modeling research**
A new software tool can accelerate materials science research by cutting out tedious background research on material properties. Penn State and Sandia National Laboratories researchers recently debuted propSym, an open-source software on the programming platform MATLAB, to calculate the fundamental constants needed to describe the physical properties of solids, such as metals, ceramics or composites. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-software-tool-aid-material.html)
2022-01-05T15:03:53Z	**Researchers pioneer new method to edit genes in human cells**
Over the past decade, the CRISPR genome-editing system has revolutionized molecular biology, giving scientists the ability to alter genes inside living cells for research or medical applications. Now, researchers at Gladstone Institutes have fine-tuned an additional system for more efficient gene editing, using molecules called retrons. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-method-genes-human-cells.html)
2022-01-05T15:03:44Z	**Engineered nanomaterial captures off-target cancer drug to prevent tissue damage**
Standard chemotherapies may efficiently kill cancer cells, but they also pose significant risks to healthy cells, resulting in secondary illness and a diminished quality of life for patients. To prevent the previously unavoidable damage, researchers, led by Penn State, have developed a new class of nanomaterials engineered to capture chemotherapy drugs before they interact with healthy tissue. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-nanomaterial-captures-off-target-cancer-drug.html)
2022-01-05T15:03:39Z	**New color-coded test quickly reveals whether medical nanoparticles have successfully delivered their payload**
Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers have developed a color-coded test that quickly signals whether newly developed nanoparticles—ultra small compartments designed to ferry medicines, vaccines and other therapies—deliver their cargo into target cells. Historically, nanoparticles have a very low delivery rate to the cytosol, the inside compartment of cells, releasing only a ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-color-coded-quickly-reveals-medical-nanoparticles.html)
2022-01-05T15:03:31Z	**How dairy farmers can adapt to climate change**
Dairy farmers in the Northeast—facing a warming climate that exacerbates nutrient pollution but lengthens the growing season—can reduce the environmental impact of their operations and maximize revenues by double cropping and injecting manure into the soil, rather than broadcasting it. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-dairy-farmers-climate.html)
2022-01-05T15:02:53Z	**Malaspina Glacier, world's largest piedmont glacier, surges approximately every 10 years**
Understanding the surges and retreats of Alaska's Malaspina Glacier is key if climate change models are to be applied to the glacier with confidence. Work by graduate student Victor Devaux-Chupin at the University of Alaska Fairbanks Geophysical Institute is providing some answers. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-malaspina-glacier-world-largest-piedmont.html)
2022-01-06T04:07:14Z	**Indigenous communities face a higher risk of socioeconomic vulnerability due to flooding**
Indigenous communities are at higher risk of hardship from climate-change-caused flooding because of pre-existing socioeconomic vulnerability, a new study shows. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-indigenous-higher-socioeconomic-vulnerability-due.html)
2022-01-06T09:15:08Z	**Purple-crowned fairy wrens exhibiting unusual breeding behaviour**
What gets birds in the mood to knock feathers? It's the unexpected question ecologists and researchers in central Kimberley have been faced with after witnessing an increase in purple-crowned fairy wrens breeding outside of their traditional season. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-purple-crowned-fairy-wrens-unusual-behaviour.html)
2022-01-06T09:14:55Z	**Bacterial genome is regulated by an ancient molecule**
We are all collections of cells, each cell containing the instructions—our DNA—to become any other cell. What differentiates a heart cell from a skin cell from a brain cell is the expression—or silencing—of genes. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-bacterial-genome-ancient-molecule.html)
2022-01-06T09:14:09Z	**Synthetic gene circuits that improve stem cell quality**
Because iPS cells can be made into just about any cell type in the body, they have great promise for cell therapies. One major problem, however, is that not all reprogramming cells successfully become iPS cells, resulting in an unwanted cell mixture. Further, when differentiating iPS cells, some cells are only partially differentiated, again leaving an unwanted cell mixture. To extract the desired cell types, CiRA researchers report in Science ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-synthetic-gene-circuits-stem-cell.html)
2022-01-06T09:14:02Z	**Study: More education needed on impact of sexting**
Nearly 40 percent of young people across a sample of just over 6,000 participants spanning 11 countries have engaged in sexting, according to new research out of Sapienza University of Rome and the University of Huddersfield. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-impact-sexting.html)
2022-01-06T09:13:48Z	**A single molecule makes a big splash in the understanding of the two types of water**
It plays a fundamental role in human existence and is a major component of our universe, yet there are still things we don't understand about water. To address the knowledge gaps, a collaborative team of Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Kyoto University, and Tohoku University investigated electron transport through a single water molecule in a C60 cage. Their findings are published in Nano Letters. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-molecule-big-splash.html)
2022-01-06T09:13:35Z	**Astronomers find the biggest structure in the Milky Way: A filament of hydrogen 3,900 light-years long**
Roughly 13.8 billion years ago, our universe was born in a massive explosion that gave rise to the first subatomic particles and the laws of physics as we know them. About 370,000 years later, hydrogen had formed, the building block of stars, which fuse hydrogen and helium in their interiors to create all the heavier elements. While hydrogen remains the most pervasive element in the uni ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-astronomers-biggest-milky-filament-hydrogen.html)
2022-01-06T15:07:07Z	**Vaccines for animals, based on viruses that spread on their own, are being developed in Europe and the U.S.**
Since the first lab-modified virus capable of replication was generated in 1974, an evidence-based consensus has emerged that many changes introduced into viral genomes are likely to prove unstable if released into the environment. On this basis, many virologists would question the release of genetically modified viruses that retain the capacity to spread between individual vertebrate ho ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-vaccines-animals-based-viruses-europe.html)
2022-01-06T15:06:13Z	**Does checking your credit score help or hurt?**
January is filled with resolutions to start the new year off right, from exercise and diet to financial health. One area that may often be overlooked is checking your credit score, and according to new research, there may be a reason for that. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-credit-score.html)
2022-01-07T04:07:00Z	**Virginia preps for more bad weather amid storm of questions**
With more bad weather looming, Virginia officials sought to reassure the public Thursday as they reacted to harsh criticism of their response to a snowstorm earlier this week that left hundreds of motorists stranded on Interstate 95 in frigid temperatures. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-virginia-preps-bad-weather-storm.html)
2022-01-07T04:04:19Z	**Japan tycoon Maezawa returns from space with business dreams**
"Space now," was what Japanese billionaire Yusaku Maezawa wanted to tweet for years. He finally really did it, from the International Space Station. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-japan-tycoon-maezawa-space-business.html)
2022-01-07T04:03:46Z	**Billionaire's looted art still on display at Israel Museum**
One of the Israel Museum's biggest patrons, American billionaire Michael Steinhardt, approached the flagship Israeli art institution in 2007 with an artifact he had recently bought: a 2,200-year-old Greek text carved into limestone. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-billionaire-looted-art-israel-museum.html)
2022-01-07T09:10:36Z	**Several asteroids are heading towards Earth: How we deal with threats**
Don't look now—but we are currently experiencing a rash of stories about a forthcoming global catastrophe. But in a change from reports of pandemics and climate change, this global catastrophe is produced by the impact of a giant asteroid. Or comet. Or both. This may feel extra ominous given the events in the recent Netflix film "Don't Look Up", in which the Earth is threatened by a "planet killer" asteroid. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-asteroids-earth-threats.html)
2022-01-07T15:37:00Z	**Winter storm snarls travel, gives some schools the day off**
A winter storm that had already blanketed parts of the South in snow moved into the Northeast on Friday, snarling air travel, crushing morning commutes and giving hundreds of school districts struggling to keep kids in the classroom during a wave of new coronavirus cases an excuse to shut down for a one-day respite. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-winter-storm-snarls-schools-day.html)
2022-01-08T05:00:37Z	**Strong earthquake shakes remote area in western China**
A strong overnight earthquake shook a sparsely populated area in western China early Saturday and forced the suspension of high-speed rail service because of tunnel damage, authorities said. There were no immediate reports of injuries. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-strong-earthquake-remote-area-western.html)
2022-01-08T04:58:19Z	**Current marsh pollution has dramatic, negative effects on sea anemone's survival**
Stationary marine organisms that don't ply the ocean, but spend their lives rooted in one spot, have evolved impressive ways to capture prey. The sea anemone Nematostella, for instance, burrows into salt marsh sediments and stays there for life. But it has specialized 'stinging cells' that hurl toxins into passing prey, immobilizing the morsel so the anemone can snatch it with its tentacles. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-current-marsh-pollution-negative-effects.html)
2022-01-08T15:17:30Z	**Space telescope's 'golden eye' opens, last major hurdle**
NASA's new space telescope opened its huge, gold-plated, flower-shaped mirror Saturday, the final step in the observatory's dramatic unfurling. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-space-telescope-golden-eye-major.html)
2022-01-09T10:50:01Z	**Dirty city air killed more than 1.8 million people globally in 2019**
Cities worldwide are shrouded with air pollution – and it's killing people. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-dirty-city-air-million-people.html)
2022-01-10T04:19:28Z	**Pheasants lose their cool after fighting**
Pheasants' heads cool rapidly as they prepare to fight—then heat up afterwards, new research shows. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-pheasants-cool.html)
2022-01-10T09:31:59Z	**The secret drivers of tree growth**
Most trees live in symbiosis with fungi. ETH Zurich researchers show just how important this partnership is for tree growth through the first-ever comprehensive data analysis compiled for European forests on a massive scale. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-secret-drivers-tree-growth.html)
2022-01-10T09:31:53Z	**Why superb fairy-wren societies may be as complex as our own**
One mystery many biologists want to solve is how complexity develops in nature. And among the many social systems in the natural world, multilevel societies stand out for their complexity. Individuals first organize into families, which are members of bands, which are organized into clans. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-superb-fairy-wren-societies-complex.html)
2022-01-10T15:00:03Z	**Coastal ecosystem being destabilized by climate change, study shows**
Ecological communities on the Oregon coast are being subtly destabilized by the pressures of climate change despite giving an appearance of stress resistance, new research by Oregon State University shows. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-coastal-ecosystem-destabilized-climate.html)
2022-01-10T15:00:01Z	**Invasive species 'hitchhiking' on tourist and research ships threaten Antarctica's unique ecosystems**
Marine life hitching a ride on ocean-crossing ships poses a threat to Antarctica's pristine ecosystems, with the potential for invasive species to arrive from almost anywhere across the globe, say the authors of a new study. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-invasive-species-hitchhiking-tourist-ships.html)
2022-01-11T05:00:03Z	**Plants rely on the CLASSY gene family to diversify their epigenomes**
What determines how a cell's genome is regulated to ensure proper growth and development? Turns out, the parts of the genome that are turned on or off in each cell-type or tissue play a major role in this process. Now, a team at Salk has shown that the CLASSY gene family regulates which parts of the genome are turned off in a tissue-specific manner. The CLASSYs essentially control where the genome is marked by DNA methylatio ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-classy-gene-family-diversify-epigenomes.html)
2022-01-11T10:02:32Z	**Essential role of O2-bridged bicyclic compounds in formation of secondary organic aerosol**
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are important precursors for secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. As a significant aromatic compound of VOC, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene (1,3,5-TMB, C9H12) mainly comes from vehicle exhaust, solvent use and industrial emissions. The oxidation reaction of 1,3, 5-trimethylbenzene is mainly initiated by hydroxyl radical (OH) in atmosphere. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-essential-role-o2-bridged-bicyclic-compounds.html)
2022-01-11T10:02:14Z	**Underwater noise pollution in Yangtze River threatens porpoises and fish**
Although the Yangtze River has a high biodiversity and is a key river for global biodiversity conservation, little attention has been paid to underwater noise pollution in the world's busiest inland river in terms of shipping. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-underwater-noise-pollution-yangtze-river.html)
2022-01-11T10:02:02Z	**First fossil pods of genus Mucuna in legume family discovered in northern Vietnam**
Mucuna is a pantropical genus with approximately 105 extant species of climbing lianas (vines) and shrubs in the legume family (Fabaceae), the third-largest family of flowering plants. Although the genus Mucuna is well represented in modern tropical regions, fossil records of this genus are limited and hence relatively poorly studied. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-fossil-pods-genus-mucuna-legume.html)
2022-01-11T10:01:37Z	**Investigating benthic marine redox conditions from late Permian to earliest Triassic**
Researchers from the Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (NGIPAS), China University of Mining and Technology and Nanjing University revealed benthic marine redox conditions and driving mechanisms from Late Permian to the earliest Triassic at Shangsi, South China through high-resolution sedimentological and ichnological studies. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-benthic-marine-redox-conditions-late.html)
2022-01-11T10:01:03Z	**Highly efficient dye-sensitized, lanthanide-doped, upconversion luminescent nanoprobes**
Lanthanide (Ln3+)-doped upconversion (UC) nanocrystals (NCs) have attracted considerable interest due to their superior optical features. Unfortunately, the relatively low luminescence intensity is a major drawback that seriously hinders their practical applications. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-highly-efficient-dye-sensitized-lanthanide-doped-upconversion.html)
2022-01-11T15:10:02Z	**Twelve for dinner: The Milky Way's feeding habits shine a light on dark matter**
Astronomers are one step closer to revealing the properties of dark matter enveloping our Milky Way galaxy, thanks to a new map of twelve streams of stars orbiting within our galactic halo. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-twelve-dinner-milky-habits-dark.html)
2022-01-12T03:00:01Z	**Black hole in the center of the Milky Way unpredictable in the long term**
The black hole at the center of the galaxy not only flares irregularly from day to day, but also in the long term. This was revealed by an analysis of 15 years of data by an international team of researchers led by Alexis Andres from El Salvador. Andres started his research in 2019 as a summer student at the University of Amsterdam (the Netherlands) and dug into it in the years that followed. The research is to be published ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2021-12-black-hole-center-milky-unpredictable.html)
2022-01-12T08:15:39Z	**Using ion soft landing to solve hard energy problems**
Every technology that runs our world requires energy on demand. Energy must be stored and be accessible to power electronic devices and light buildings. The wide range of devices that require energy on demand has led to the development of numerous strategies for storing energy. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-ion-soft-hard-energy-problems.html)
2022-01-12T14:00:05Z	**Mosquitoes' mating game discovery provides new clues to combat malaria**
Male mosquitoes beat their wings faster when swarming at sunset to better detect females and increase their chance of reproducing, finds a novel study led by UCL scientists. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-mosquitoes-game-discovery-clues-combat.html)
2022-01-12T14:00:03Z	**Microplastic pollution linger in rivers for years before entering oceans**
Microplastics can deposit and linger within riverbeds for as long as seven years before washing into the ocean, a new study has found. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-microplastic-pollution-linger-rivers-years.html)
2022-01-12T23:00:01Z	**Emotionally manipulative political ads fail at swaying new voters, but excel at ensuring party loyalty**
Both Democrats and Republicans in US elections are more likely to be emotionally moved or angered by political advertising produced by the party to which they identify. This suggests that most ads today do little to sway the other side, but rather help motivate a party's faithful to support a candidate through actions such as making a campaign donation or showing up at the ballot box. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-emotionally-political-ads-swaying-voters.html)
2022-01-13T04:13:51Z	**Global firms fall short on forest protection vows: report**
Global companies and financial institutions with the highest potential for curbing deforestation are largely failing to do so, undermining pledges to protect forests made at the COP26 climate summit in November, a report said Thursday. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-global-firms-fall-short-forest.html)
2022-01-13T09:20:01Z	**Messier 85's complex globular cluster system explored by researchers**
Using the Gemini North telescope, astronomers have conducted photometric and spectroscopic observations of a galaxy known as Messier 85. The observational campaign revealed more details about its complex globular cluster system. The findings are reported in a paper published January 5 on arXiv.org. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-messier-complex-globular-cluster-explored.html)
2022-01-13T09:20:01Z	**We've unveiled the waratah's genetic secrets, helping preserve this Australian icon for the future**
When the smoke cleared after the Black Summer bushfires of 2019-20, the bush surrounding the Blue Mountains Botanic Garden Mount Tomah was charred. Among the casualties was a NSW waratah, Telopea speciosissima, that had recently become the first of its species to have its genome sequenced. We have published this genome in the journal Molecular Ecology Resources. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-weve-unveiled-waratah-genetic-secrets.html)
2022-01-13T15:44:58Z	**Study finds diversity of skin color and skin tone lacking in sex education textbooks**
In recent years, attention to diversity of images in visual media—TV, movies, stock photos, children's books and more—has increased. But according to a new Indiana University study, at least one area still seriously lacks representation of Black and Brown people: Sex education. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-diversity-skin-tone-lacking-sex.html)
2022-01-13T15:44:00Z	**Synthesizing past, present and potential future uses of plant specimens as functional trait data sources**
A new review published in the International Journal of Plant Sciences combines disparate studies to synthesize the past, current, and potential future uses of plant specimens as functional trait data sources. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-potential-future-specimens-functional-trait.html)
2022-01-13T15:43:54Z	**The role of risk aversion in the coal contracting behavior of US power plants**
A new paper published in the Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists provides empirical evidence that risk aversion plays an important role in the coal contracting behavior of US power plants. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-role-aversion-coal-behavior-power.html)
2022-01-13T15:43:06Z	**Study reveals how to break symmetry in colloidal crystals**
Nature keeps a few secrets. While plenty of structures with low symmetry are found in nature, scientists have been confined to high-symmetry designs when synthesizing colloidal crystals, a valuable type of nanomaterial used for chemical and biological sensing and optoelectronic devices. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-reveals-symmetry-colloidal-crystals.html)
2022-01-13T15:42:53Z	**Two new species of freshwater goby fish discovered in the Philippines**
A team of biologists from the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST) in Japan and Western Philippines University (WPU) in the Philippines have found two new species of goby fish in Palawan, a Philippine archipelago. The goby fish, both belonging to the genus Rhinogobius, were described recently in the journal Zootaxa. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-species-freshwater-goby-fish-philippines.html)
2022-01-13T15:42:45Z	**FDA approves monoclonal antibody to treat arthritis in cats**
Arthritis can keep a cat from doing many of the things that kitties love to do. But now there's hope: The first treatment to ease arthritis pain in cats has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-fda-monoclonal-antibody-arthritis-cats.html)
2022-01-13T15:42:39Z	**New research advocates a basic strategy for native fish recovery: Access to water**
Rivers need water—a fact that may seem ridiculously obvious, but in times of increasing water development, drought, and climate change, the quantity of natural streamflow that remains in river channels is coming into question, especially in the Colorado River basin. Newly published research poses a tough question in these days of falling reservoir levels and high-stakes urban development: Whether the continued devel ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-advocates-basic-strategy-native-fish.html)
2022-01-14T02:41:01Z	**Strong evidence shows Sixth Mass Extinction of global biodiversity in progress**
The history of life on Earth has been marked five times by events of mass biodiversity extinction caused by extreme natural phenomena. Today, many experts warn that a Sixth Mass Extinction crisis is underway, this time entirely caused by human activities. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-strong-evidence-sixth-mass-extinction.html)
2022-01-14T08:20:41Z	**Earth's interior is cooling faster than expected**
Researchers at ETH Zurich have demonstrated in the lab how well a mineral common at the boundary between the Earth's core and mantle conducts heat. This leads them to suspect that the Earth's heat may dissipate sooner than previously thought. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-earth-interior-cooling-faster.html)
2022-01-14T08:20:26Z	**Newly formed massive contact binary in hierarchical triple system**
A research team led by Prof. Qian Shengbang from Yunnan Observatories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences discovered a newly formed massive contact binary in a hierarchical triple system. Its third body is also a massive star obtained for the first time. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-newly-massive-contact-binary-hierarchical.html)
2022-01-14T08:20:13Z	**Surface mode coupling used to adjust thermal coefficient of delay of photonic-bandgap hollow-core fiber**
Recently, a research team from Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics (SIOM) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) has proposed a new method of using surface mode (SM) coupling to adjust the thermal coefficient of delay (TCD) of photonic-bandgap hollow-core fiber (PBG-HCF) in an extended range. The relevant results have been published in Optics Express. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-surface-mode-coupling-adjust-thermal.html)
2022-01-14T08:20:01Z	**New study shows novel crystal structure for hydrogen under high pressure**
Elements in the periodic table can take up multiple forms. Carbon, for example, exists as diamond or graphite depending on the environmental conditions at the time of formation. Crystal structures that have been formed in ultra-high-pressure environments are particularly important as they provide clues to the formation of planets. However, recreating such environments in a laboratory is difficult, and materials scientists often re ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-crystal-hydrogen-high-pressure.html)
2022-01-14T08:19:43Z	**Scientists uncover 'resistance gene' in deadly E. coli**
Scientists have pinpointed a gene that helps deadly E. coli bacteria evade antibiotics, potentially leading to better treatments for millions of people worldwide. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-scientists-uncover-resistance-gene-deadly.html)
2022-01-14T14:00:01Z	**Before horses, ass hybrids were bred for warfare**
The 4,500-year-old iconography and texts from Mesopotamia show that the elite used equids for travel and warfare; however, the nature of these animals remained mysterious. In Science Advances (January 14, 2022), a team from the Institut Jacques Monod (CNRS/Université de Paris) used ancient DNA to show that these animals were the result of crossing domestic donkeys with wild asses. This makes them the oldest known example of animal hybrids, which were pr ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-horses-ass-hybrids-bred-warfare.html)
2022-01-15T03:28:38Z	**Powerful volcanic blast not the cause for 2018 Indonesian island collapse**
The dramatic collapse of Indonesia's Anak Krakatau volcano in December 2018 resulted from long-term destabilising processes, and was not triggered by any distinct changes in the magmatic system that could have been detected by current monitoring techniques, new research has found. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-powerful-volcanic-blast-indonesian-island.html)
2022-01-15T11:00:01Z	**Last nine years all among 10 hottest-ever, says US**
The nine years spanning 2013-2021 all rank among the 10 hottest on record, according to an annual report a US agency released Thursday, the latest data underscoring the global climate crisis. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-years-hottest-ever.html)
2022-01-16T02:57:34Z	**Volcano erupts in Pacific, West Coast under tsunami advisory**
An undersea volcano erupted in spectacular fashion Saturday near the Pacific nation of Tonga, sending tsunami waves crashing across the shore and people rushing to higher ground. Tsunami advisories were issued for Hawaii, Alaska and the U.S. Pacific coast. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-volcano-erupts-pacific-west-coast.html)
2022-01-16T02:56:07Z	**Swine fever in wild boars worries Italy's pork industry**
The discovery of African swine fever in northern Italy has Italian pork producers fearing significant economic damage to a major agricultural export and has forced curtailing of the official seasons to hunt for game and to gather prized truffles. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-swine-fever-wild-boars-italy.html)
2022-01-16T09:50:01Z	**Study nixes Mars life in meteorite found in Antarctica**
A 4 billion-year-old meteorite from Mars that caused a splash here on Earth decades ago contains no evidence of ancient, primitive Martian life after all, scientists reported Thursday. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-nixes-mars-life-meteorite-antarctica.html)
2022-01-17T04:07:36Z	**In the Atlantic Forest, the lowland tapir is at risk of extinction**
Lowland tapir populations in the Atlantic Forest in South America are at risk of almost complete disappearance, scientists have estimated. Weighing up to 250 kg, the animal can adapt to most habitats in South America—but its populations continue to decline across its range. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-atlantic-forest-lowland-tapir-extinction.html)
2022-01-17T04:06:08Z	**Researchers use AI to analyze tweets debating vaccination and climate change**
Using artificial intelligence (AI) researchers have found that between 2007 and 2016 online sentiments around climate change were uniform, but this was not the case with vaccination. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-ai-tweets-debating-vaccination-climate.html)
2022-01-17T09:18:47Z	**Professionals are trending in a left and liberal direction; on most issues, blue collar workers are not**
Professionals and managers are becoming more liberal while blue collar workers, who were once the backbone of leftist politics in the U.S., now show more conservative views on a number of issues that liberal politicians have elevated in recent elections, reports a study led by UC Riverside professor of sociology and public policy Steven Brint. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-professionals-trending-left-liberal-issues.html)
2022-01-17T09:18:20Z	**Evolution follows climate: Oaks adapted rapidly to climate change in the Anthropocene**
The acceleration of global warming due to human activities has made the pace of tree evolution and adaptation a core concern of researchers and foresters. Researchers from INRAE, the ONF, the CEA and the universities of Uppsala (Sweden) and Zhejiang (China) studied the evolution of oak trees in three French forests over the last three centuries, from the cold period of the Little Ice Age to the warming ca ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-evolution-climate-oaks-rapidly-anthropocene.html)
2022-01-17T15:00:03Z	**Shifting ocean closures best way to protect animals from accidental catch**
Accidentally trapping sharks, seabirds, marine mammals, sea turtles and other animals in fishing gear is one of the biggest barriers to making fisheries more sustainable around the world. Marine protected areas—sections of the ocean set aside to conserve biodiversity—are used, in part, to reduce the unintentional catch of such animals, among other conservation goals. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-shifting-ocean-closures-animals-accidental.html)
2022-01-17T15:00:02Z	**Earth BioGenome Project begins genome sequencing in earnest**
A global effort to map the genomes of all plants, animals, fungi and other microbial life on Earth, is entering a new phase as it moves from pilot projects to full-scale production sequencing. This new phase of the The Earth BioGenome Project, or EBP, is marked with a collection of papers published this week in Proceedings of the National Academies of Sciences, describing the project's goals, achievements to date and next steps. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-earth-biogenome-genome-sequencing-earnest.html)
2022-01-17T15:00:01Z	**Newly discovered carbon may yield clues to ancient Mars**
NASA's Curiosity rover landed on Mars on Aug. 6, 2012, and since then has roamed Gale Crater taking samples and sending the results back home for researchers to interpret. Analysis of carbon isotopes in sediment samples taken from half a dozen exposed locations, including an exposed cliff, leave researchers with three plausible explanations for the carbon's origin—cosmic dust, ultraviolet degradation of carbon dioxide, or ultraviolet degradation ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-newly-carbon-yield-clues-ancient.html)
2022-01-18T03:42:47Z	**Support for populist politics 'collapsed' during the pandemic: global report**
Support for populist parties and politicians, and agreement with populist sentiment, has diminished during the pandemic, according to a "mega-dataset" taking in attitudes of over half a million people across 109 countries since 2020. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-populist-politics-collapsed-pandemic-global.html)
2022-01-18T10:45:06Z	**Nearly half of countries' shared fish stocks are on the move due to climate change, prompting dispute concerns**
Climate change will force 45 per cent of the fish stocks that cross through two or more exclusive economic zones to shift significantly from their historical habitats and migration paths by 2100, a challenge that may lead to international conflict, according to a new UBC study. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-countries-fish-stocks-due-climate.html)
2022-01-18T10:44:55Z	**Celebrated barley came from a single plant**
The 200-year-old malting barley variety 'Chevalier' was for a long time world-leading in beer brewing and is thought to have originated from a single plant. In a new study, Swedish researchers from the universities of Linköping and Stockholm have investigated this claim. They have analyzed seed samples that are older than 150 years using molecular genetic methods. The results give a revealing insight into the plant breeding of times gone by. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-celebrated-barley.html)
2022-01-18T16:07:37Z	**Uncovering the underlying patterns in contemporary evolution**
Wild populations must continuously adapt to environmental changes or risk extinction. For more than fifty years, scientists have described instances of "rapid evolution" in specific populations as their traits (phenotypes) change in response to varying stressors. For example, Spanish clover has developed a tolerance for copper from the mine tailings in which it grows, and the horn size of Alberta bighorn sheep has decre ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-uncovering-underlying-patterns-contemporary-evolution.html)
2022-01-18T16:06:57Z	**New research collection highlights indigenous perspectives on conservation biology**
A collection of 17 papers in Pacific Conservation Biology aims to transform the field of conservation biology. The special issue titled "Transforming Conservation Biology Through indigenous Perspectives," edited by University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa (UH) researchers Kawika Winter and Melissa Price, and Anne-Marie Jackson of the University of Otago (Aotearoa New Zealand), features papers by indigenous authors from ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-highlights-indigenous-perspectives-biology.html)
2022-01-18T16:06:50Z	**Researchers explore vulnerabilities within SARS-CoV-2 'hotbeds' of replication**
Beneath the SARS-CoV-2 membrane and its spikes lurks a squiggle of genetic material, or RNA, enveloped by a protein that acts like bubble wrap to protect the genetic material. This protein also acts as a "hotbed" for multiple interactions to control the infected cell. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-explore-vulnerabilities-sars-cov-hotbeds-replication.html)
2022-01-18T16:06:32Z	**Researchers study COVID-19 and its impact on crime in Vancouver, Canada**
Violent crime in Vancouver, Canada rose in the city's poorer regions during the first year of the pandemic while wealthier neighborhoods saw thefts rise, according to a new study published in the Journal of Experimental Criminology. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-covid-impact-crime-vancouver-canada.html)
2022-01-18T16:06:24Z	**On the tiniest of scales, chemistry isn't all about 'billiard-ball' reactions**
Scientists are now one step closer to better understanding how to live in a "quantum" world—and not just from watching the character "Ant-Man" in the Marvel movie franchise. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-tiniest-scales-chemistry-isnt-billiard-ball.html)
2022-01-18T16:05:51Z	**Research team identifies new mechanism for protecting DNA**
Researchers from Case Western Reserve University have identified a new mechanism by which a protein known for repairing damaged DNA also protects the integrity of DNA by preserving its structural shape. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-team-mechanism-dna.html)
2022-01-18T16:05:41Z	**Kernel Flow: A wearable device for noninvasive optical brain imaging**
Recent advances in brain imaging techniques facilitate accurate, high-resolution observations of the brain and its functions. For example, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a widely used noninvasive imaging technique that employs near-infrared light (wavelength >700 nm) to determine the relative concentration of hemoglobin in the brain, via differences in the light absorption patterns of hemoglobin. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-kernel-wearable-device-noninvasive-optical.html)
2022-01-19T03:46:18Z	**Scientists urge quick, deep, sweeping changes to halt and reverse dangerous biodiversity loss**
Halting, then reversing the dangerous, ongoing loss of Earth's plant and animal diversity requires far more than an expanded global system of protected areas of land and seas, scientists warned today. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-scientists-urge-quick-deep-halt.html)
2022-01-19T09:13:29Z	**Men with older brothers are more likely to be gay, suggesting same-sex attraction has a biological basis**
New research shows having a greater number of older brothers increases the probability of a person entering a same-sex union at some point in their lives. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-men-older-brothers-gay-same-sex.html)
2022-01-19T09:13:05Z	**Magnetism at the root of enhanced 'green' catalysis**
The research group at MagnetoCat SL (Alicante, Spain) published a fundamental theoretical work on magnetism in heterogeneous catalysis in ACS Catalysis. The group, composed by Ph.D. student Miss Chiara Biz, Dr. Mauro Fianchini and Dr. Jose Gracia, laid out a complex and comprehensive theoretical treatment linking electronic spin, magnetism and heterogeneous catalysis. This treatment concerns the behavior of correlated electrons in solids and the quant ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-magnetism-root-green-catalysis.html)
2022-01-19T09:12:59Z	**Early Earth: Evolution in the abiotic world**
Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich chemists have shown that organocatalysts go through an evolution and could have played an important role in the emergence of life. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-early-earth-evolution-abiotic-world.html)
2022-01-19T09:08:41Z	**Looking up at the asteroids in the neighborhood**
Asteroids fly through our solar system all the time, but it's rare for us to take notice of them. But that's changed this week, as an asteroid passes within 1,231,184 miles of Earth on January 18. The asteroid, dubbed 7482 (1994 PC1), was first seen in 1994 and is about two-thirds of a mile wide. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-asteroids-neighborhood.html)
2022-01-19T15:13:07Z	**Untangling the roots of plant genomes: Supporting a 'moonshot' for botany**
Research featured this month in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences highlights the progress of plant genomics and includes a roadmap for the enormous task of sequencing the genomes of plants worldwide. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-untangling-roots-genomes-moonshot-botany.html)
2022-01-19T15:12:58Z	**New structure prediction model has mapped 500 previously unsolved proteins**
Scientists at the University of California, Berkeley, have recently published work that lays the foundation for new ways of thinking about pathogen evolution. "Our research highlights that template-free modeling that uses machine learning is indeed superior to template-based modeling for the secreted proteins of the destructive fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae," said Kyungyong Seong, first author of the paper published in the Mo ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-previously-unsolved-proteins.html)
2022-01-19T15:12:52Z	**Hubble finds a black hole igniting star formation in a dwarf galaxy**
Black holes are often described as the monsters of the universe—tearing apart stars, consuming anything that comes too close, and holding light captive. Detailed evidence from NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, however, shows a black hole in a new light: Fostering rather than suppressing star formation. Hubble imaging and spectroscopy of the dwarf starburst galaxy Henize 2-10 clearly show a gas outflow stretching from the black hole to a  ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-hubble-black-hole-igniting-star.html)
2022-01-19T15:12:21Z	**Weathering rocks hold clues to Earth's Great Oxidation Event**
About 2.4 billion years ago, Earth's atmosphere underwent what is called the Great Oxidation Event (GOE). Prior to the GOE, early Earth had far less molecular oxygen than we have today. After the GOE, molecular oxygen began to increase in abundance, eventually making life like ours possible. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-weathering-clues-earth-great-oxidation.html)
2022-01-20T03:41:19Z	**Astronomers find star fuel surrounding galaxies**
Most galaxies, including our own, grow by accumulating new material and turning them into stars—that much is known. What has been unknown is where that new material comes from and how it flows into galaxies to create stars. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-astronomers-star-fuel-galaxies.html)
2022-01-20T09:33:54Z	**Century-old electrochemistry law gets update**
The Gouy-Chapman theory describes what happens near an electrode when it is in contact with a salt solution, but this description does not match reality. Researcher Kasinath Ojha, assistant professor Katharina Doblhoff-Dier and professor Marc Koper present a new version. "The next generation of textbooks on electrochemistry is going to look different." ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-century-old-electrochemistry-law.html)
2022-01-20T15:19:26Z	**Pristine groundwater seeps support native algae on Hawai'i's coasts**
Native marine macroalgae, also known as limu, or as seaweed, thrive in environments created by natural groundwater seeps, specifically benefiting from the combined effects of enhanced nutrients despite lowered salinity levels, according to a review published recently by a team of University of Hawai'i at Mānoa researchers. Conversely, in areas where the seeping groundwater is tainted by excess nitrogen typical of wastewater, t ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-pristine-groundwater-seeps-native-algae.html)
2022-01-21T04:57:39Z	**Paradoxical material a mashup of three different phases at once, quantum physicists find**
Materials that look like mosaics of triangular tiles at the atomic level sometimes have paradoxical properties, and quantum physicists have finally found out why. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-paradoxical-material-mashup-phases-quantum.html)
2022-01-21T10:02:01Z	**LAMOST reveals secret of stellar rotation of hot stars**
Stars all rotate, but at different rates. Stellar rotation profoundly affects almost every aspect of stellar evolution. But the evolution of the angular momentum remains a mystery. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-lamost-reveals-secret-stellar-rotation.html)
2022-01-21T10:00:09Z	**In science, small groups create big ideas**
In research and development, new topics are always emerging, maturing, and converging. Some of them quietly fade away, but others become the fundamental driving forces of innovation. Research organizations want to encourage the development of emerging topics, but small groups of scientists can find it risky to spend time on an unproven approach. Even if a new topic turns out to be important, it might be co-opted by larger research groups with more resources, wh ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-science-small-groups-big-ideas.html)
2022-01-21T10:00:02Z	**Civic engagement does not improve well-being**
Whether somebody engages civically or not, does not substantially influence their well-being. This is the central finding from two recent studies from Germany and the UK, conducted by researchers from the Universities of Vechta and Bochum. The studies were published in Journal of Happiness Studies and in Social Indicators Research. These results run contrary to the assumption that civic engagement contributes to well-being of engaged persons. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-civic-engagement-well-being.html)
2022-01-21T09:59:45Z	**Alpha-rich 'young' stars are actually not young**
The alpha-rich giant stars with theoretical young ages have been treated as an abnormal population, since they cannot be understood in the canonical scheme of the Galactic chemical evolution. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-alpha-rich-young-stars.html)
2022-01-21T09:59:40Z	**Worldwide coordinated search for dark matter**
An international team of researchers with key participation from the PRISMA+Cluster of Excellence at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (JGU) and the Helmholtz Institute Mainz (HIM) has published for the first time comprehensive data on the search for dark matter using a worldwide network of optical magnetometers. According to the scientists, dark matter fields should produce a characteristic signal pattern that can be detected by correlated measurements at multiple statio ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-worldwide-dark.html)
2022-01-21T09:59:29Z	**Germanium halides serve as ideal precursors to synthesize high-quality perovskite nanocrystals**
Organohalides are widely adopted to serve as halide source in traditional three-precursors route to obtain metal halide perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs). ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-germanium-halides-ideal-precursors-high-quality.html)
2022-01-21T17:43:44Z	**Simulations show iron catalyzes corrosion in 'inert' carbon dioxide**
Iron that rusts in water theoretically shouldn't corrode in contact with an "inert" supercritical fluid of carbon dioxide. But it does. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-simulations-iron-catalyzes-corrosion-inert.html)
2022-01-23T05:54:30Z	**Dozens of Indian turtles die in suspected poisoning**
Deliberate poisoning is likely to blame for the death of dozens of turtles at a lake near Mumbai, Indian wildlife experts told AFP Sunday. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-dozens-indian-turtles-die-poisoning.html)
2022-01-23T11:00:01Z	**Solving a crystal's structure when you've only got powder**
Crystals reveal the hidden geometry of molecules to the naked eye. Scientists use crystals to figure out the atomic structure of new materials, but many can't be grown large enough. Now, a team of researchers report a new technique in the January 19 issue of Nature that can discover the crystalline structure of any material. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-crystal-youve-powder.html)
2022-01-24T04:30:37Z	**Beijing warns of heavy air pollution during Winter Olympics**
Beijing warned Monday that heavy air pollution is likely during the Winter Olympics, but said emergency plans were in place to ensure the Games are not disrupted by smog. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-beijing-heavy-air-pollution-winter.html)
2022-01-24T09:40:03Z	**Nanosatellite launch is a big step forward for African space science**
South African space science had a big day on 13 January 2022. The Cape Peninsula University of Technology, based in Cape Town, launched its third satellite mission into space from the Cape Canaveral rocket launch site in Florida in the US. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-nanosatellite-big-african-space-science.html)
2022-01-24T09:40:01Z	**Satirical obituary for the Great Barrier Reef undermines climate action**
A tongue-in-cheek editorial about the death of the Great Barrier Reef undermined efforts to build action on climate change and amplified conflict, a new study in Media International Australia has found. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-satirical-obituary-great-barrier-reef.html)
2022-01-24T09:38:50Z	**Tonga eruption was so intense it caused the atmosphere to ring like a bell**
The Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai eruption reached an explosive crescendo on Jan. 15, 2022. Its rapid release of energy powered an ocean tsunami that caused damage as far away as the U.S. West Coast, but it also generated pressure waves in the atmosphere that quickly spread around the world. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-tonga-eruption-intense-atmosphere-bell.html)
2022-01-24T15:00:04Z	**Forest emissions scheme makes 'tiny' contribution to Indonesia's Paris targets**
More than 70 million tons of carbon were prevented from being released into the atmosphere under a deforestation emissions reduction scheme in Indonesia—but researchers point out this is only 3 percent of the total required by Indonesia's Nationally Defined Contribution (NDC) under the Paris Agreement. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-forest-emissions-scheme-tiny-contribution.html)
2022-01-24T15:00:02Z	**Team demonstrates molecular electronics sensors on a semiconductor chip**
The first molecular electronics chip has been developed, realizing a 50-year-old goal of integrating single molecules into circuits to achieve the ultimate scaling limits of Moore's Law. Developed by Roswell Biotechnologies and a multi-disciplinary team of leading academic scientists, the chip uses single molecules as universal sensor elements in a circuit to create a programmable biosensor with real-time, single- ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-team-molecular-electronics-sensors-semiconductor.html)
2022-01-24T15:00:02Z	**New study calls into question the importance of meat eating in shaping our evolution**
Quintessential human traits such as large brains first appear in Homo erectus nearly 2 million years ago. This evolutionary transition towards human-like traits is often linked to a major dietary shift involving greater meat consumption. A new study published today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, however, calls into question the primacy of meat eating in early human evolution. While the archaeologica ... ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-importance-meat-evolution.html)
2022-01-24T14:58:52Z	**Webb telescope reaches destination, 1 million miles from Earth: NASA**
Almost a month after launch, the James Webb Space Telescope has fired its thrusters and reached its orbital destination around a million miles (1.5 million kilometers) away from our planet, NASA said Monday. ⌘ [Read more](https://phys.org/news/2022-01-webb-telescope-destination-million-miles.html)